行星齿轮传动系统故障状态下非线性动力学研究
发布时间：2018-09-11 16:01
【摘要】：风电齿轮箱是风力发电机组的核心部件,而行星齿轮传动系统是风电齿轮箱的重要组成部分,其故障率高且难以识别。目前,风电齿轮箱的振动机理及故障机理尚未清楚,利用行星轮多级齿轮传动系统实验台模拟风电齿轮传动系统,研究行星轮多级齿轮传动系统的非线性动力学振动特性、耦合特性及故障特性,为多级齿轮传动系统及风电齿轮箱的在线检测及故障诊断提供理论依据。本论文将采用数值仿真与实验分析相结合的方法,针对两级定轴齿轮+一级行星轮的行星轮多级齿轮传动系统进行非线性动力学特性、耦合特性及故障振动特性分析。主要研究内容采用集中质量法分别建立单级定轴齿轮、两级定轴齿轮、行星齿轮传动系统及行星轮多级齿轮传动系统的扭转动力学模型。对四种系统的模型进行无量纲化处理,得到各系统的非线性动力学微分方程。对正常状态下四种系统的非线性动力学微分方程进行求解,得到各系统的非线性动力学特性。对比单级齿轮与两级齿轮、两级齿轮与行星轮多级齿轮传动系统的动力学特性,研究两级及多级齿轮系统的动力学耦合特性及动态关联特性,研究发现多级系统的耦合特性使得一级突跳点减少,而动态关联特性将行星轮的混沌引入定轴。通过时变啮合刚度模型模拟齿轮裂纹及断齿故障,并利用综合啮合误差模拟齿轮磨损故障。分析定轴裂纹、行星轮断齿、磨损三种单一故障下各系统的故障特性,及定轴裂纹与行星轮断齿、定轴裂纹与行星轮磨损两种耦合故障下行星轮多级齿轮传动系统的故障特性。对比同种故障在不同系统中的动态特性变化,总结各类故障的故障特性及故障耦合特性,找出行星轮多级齿轮传动系统的故障频率特征及连带频率特征。通过连带频率特征识别出实验信号中的未知峰值成因,并依据连带频率特征识别出实验台故障。对行星轮多级齿轮传动系统进行稳定性分析,得到系统稳定性随间隙的变化过程。针对系统出现的亚谐共振状态,研究亚谐共振发生的区间及影响亚谐共振的参数,考察单一故障及耦合故障对系统亚谐共振及稳定性的影响。研究表明定轴裂纹及磨损故障对系统稳定性的影响较大,行星轮断齿对系统稳定性影响不大,而三者的耦合使得系统可能通过极限环破裂失稳进入混沌。
[Abstract]:The wind power gearbox is the core part of the wind turbine, and the planetary gear transmission system is an important part of the wind power gearbox, which has high failure rate and is difficult to identify. At present, the vibration mechanism and fault mechanism of the wind power gear box are not clear. The nonlinear dynamic vibration characteristics of the planetary gear multistage gear transmission system are studied by simulating the wind power gear transmission system with the planetary gear multistage gear transmission system test bench. Coupling characteristics and fault characteristics provide theoretical basis for on-line detection and fault diagnosis of multistage gear transmission system and wind power gearbox. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic characteristics, coupling characteristics and fault vibration characteristics of the multi-stage planetary gear drive system with two stage fixed axis gear are analyzed by combining numerical simulation and experimental analysis. The torsional dynamics models of single stage fixed axis gear, two stage fixed axis gear, planetary gear transmission system and planetary gear multistage gear transmission system were established by the method of concentrated mass. The models of four systems are dimensionless and the nonlinear dynamic differential equations of each system are obtained. The nonlinear dynamic differential equations of four kinds of systems under normal conditions are solved and the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of each system are obtained. By comparing the dynamic characteristics of single-stage gear and two-stage gear, two-stage gear and planetary gear multi-stage gear transmission system, the dynamic coupling characteristics and dynamic correlation characteristics of two-stage and multi-stage gear system are studied. It is found that the coupling characteristics of the multistage system reduce the first-order jump points, while the dynamic correlation characteristic leads the planetary gear chaos to the fixed axis. The gear crack and tooth break fault are simulated by time-varying meshing stiffness model, and the gear wear fault is simulated by comprehensive meshing error. The fault characteristics of each system under three kinds of single faults, namely fixed axis crack, planet gear broken tooth and wear, are analyzed. The fault characteristics of the two coupling faults of fixed axis crack and planet gear broken tooth, fixed axis crack and planetary wheel wear are analyzed. By comparing the dynamic characteristics of the same fault in different systems, the fault characteristics and fault coupling characteristics of various kinds of faults are summarized, and the fault frequency characteristics and associated frequency characteristics of planetary gear multistage gear transmission system are found out. The cause of unknown peak value in the experimental signal is identified by associated frequency feature, and the fault of the test station is identified according to the associated frequency feature. The stability of planetary gear multistage gear transmission system is analyzed and the process of system stability varying with clearance is obtained. In view of the subharmonic resonance state of the system, the interval of the subharmonic resonance and the parameters affecting the subharmonic resonance are studied, and the influence of single fault and coupling fault on the subharmonic resonance and stability of the system is investigated. The results show that the fixed axis crack and wear fault have great influence on the stability of the system, and the planetary gear broken teeth have little effect on the stability of the system, and the coupling of the three factors may lead the system to chaos through the rupture of limit cycle.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM315;TH132.41
本文编号：2237160
[Abstract]:The wind power gearbox is the core part of the wind turbine, and the planetary gear transmission system is an important part of the wind power gearbox, which has high failure rate and is difficult to identify. At present, the vibration mechanism and fault mechanism of the wind power gear box are not clear. The nonlinear dynamic vibration characteristics of the planetary gear multistage gear transmission system are studied by simulating the wind power gear transmission system with the planetary gear multistage gear transmission system test bench. Coupling characteristics and fault characteristics provide theoretical basis for on-line detection and fault diagnosis of multistage gear transmission system and wind power gearbox. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic characteristics, coupling characteristics and fault vibration characteristics of the multi-stage planetary gear drive system with two stage fixed axis gear are analyzed by combining numerical simulation and experimental analysis. The torsional dynamics models of single stage fixed axis gear, two stage fixed axis gear, planetary gear transmission system and planetary gear multistage gear transmission system were established by the method of concentrated mass. The models of four systems are dimensionless and the nonlinear dynamic differential equations of each system are obtained. The nonlinear dynamic differential equations of four kinds of systems under normal conditions are solved and the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of each system are obtained. By comparing the dynamic characteristics of single-stage gear and two-stage gear, two-stage gear and planetary gear multi-stage gear transmission system, the dynamic coupling characteristics and dynamic correlation characteristics of two-stage and multi-stage gear system are studied. It is found that the coupling characteristics of the multistage system reduce the first-order jump points, while the dynamic correlation characteristic leads the planetary gear chaos to the fixed axis. The gear crack and tooth break fault are simulated by time-varying meshing stiffness model, and the gear wear fault is simulated by comprehensive meshing error. The fault characteristics of each system under three kinds of single faults, namely fixed axis crack, planet gear broken tooth and wear, are analyzed. The fault characteristics of the two coupling faults of fixed axis crack and planet gear broken tooth, fixed axis crack and planetary wheel wear are analyzed. By comparing the dynamic characteristics of the same fault in different systems, the fault characteristics and fault coupling characteristics of various kinds of faults are summarized, and the fault frequency characteristics and associated frequency characteristics of planetary gear multistage gear transmission system are found out. The cause of unknown peak value in the experimental signal is identified by associated frequency feature, and the fault of the test station is identified according to the associated frequency feature. The stability of planetary gear multistage gear transmission system is analyzed and the process of system stability varying with clearance is obtained. In view of the subharmonic resonance state of the system, the interval of the subharmonic resonance and the parameters affecting the subharmonic resonance are studied, and the influence of single fault and coupling fault on the subharmonic resonance and stability of the system is investigated. The results show that the fixed axis crack and wear fault have great influence on the stability of the system, and the planetary gear broken teeth have little effect on the stability of the system, and the coupling of the three factors may lead the system to chaos through the rupture of limit cycle.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM315;TH132.41
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