带式输送机受料段特性分析与结构改进

发布时间：2019-04-04 12:57

【摘要】：带式输送机作为最重要的连续物料运输机械,其运用领域十分广泛。其中,受料段是带式输送机的重要组成部分之一,然而目前研究人员对带式输送机受料段特性和结构设计大多参考工程设计经验,而非采取精确的理论计算,因此导致其在运输物料的过程中存在大量的磨损以及撒料现象。从而使带式输送机的使用寿命降低、维修成本增大、生产率减小,并且撒落的物料易造成环境污染。本文主要对带式输送机受料段的特性进行分析,结合特性分析,对带式输送机受料段的结构进行改进。该研究对带式输送机受料段的结构设计具有良好的参考意义。本文从带式输送机受料段的整体出发,结合其结构特点,将带式输送机受料段简化为带有均布荷载的轴向力作用下的弹性基础梁振动模型。然后运用机械振动理论得出受料段的振动方程,再用MATLAB对该方程进行拟合,得出带式输送机受料段的托辊间距、输送带的张力、物料的冲击力对振动的影响。为了验证理论的正确性,本文设计了带式输送机受料段的模拟实验样机,并将实验采集数据和理论计算结果进行对比,验证了理论分析的正确性。结合受料段的特性分析以及当前导料槽设计存在的问题,对导料槽的长度及形状进行改进,并用离散单元仿真三维物料流,验证改进方案的正确性。根据带式输送机受料段的特性分析可得:带式输送机受料段的振动和托辊间距、输送带的轴向力、物料的冲击力有关。托辊间距越小、轴向力越大、物料冲击力越小均有利于减小振动,使输送带保持稳定性、提高输送带的使用寿命。根据带式输送机受料段的结构改进可得:对导料槽长度的改进有利于提高带式输送机的生产效率、降低能耗;对导料槽形状的改进有利于保持物料的对中性,防止撒料。
[Abstract]:Belt conveyor as the most important continuous material transport machinery, its application field is very wide. Among them, the receiving section is one of the important components of the belt conveyor. However, at present, the researchers mostly refer to the engineering design experience for the characteristics and structural design of the receiving section of the belt conveyor, rather than adopt the accurate theoretical calculation. As a result, there is a large number of wear and tear phenomenon in the process of material transportation. As a result, the service life of belt conveyor is reduced, the maintenance cost is increased, the productivity is reduced, and the scattered materials are easy to cause environmental pollution. This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of the receiving section of the belt conveyor, and improves the structure of the receiving section of the belt conveyor combined with the analysis of the characteristics. This study has a good reference significance for the structural design of the belt conveyor receiving section. Based on the whole loading section of belt conveyor and its structural characteristics, this paper simplifies the loading section of belt conveyor to the vibration model of elastic foundation beam under the action of axial force with uniform distribution load. Then the vibration equation of the loading section is obtained by using the mechanical vibration theory, and then the equation is fitted by MATLAB. The effects of the distance between the rollers, the tension of the conveyor belt and the impact force of the material on the vibration of the belt conveyor are obtained. In order to verify the correctness of the theory, this paper designs a simulated experimental prototype of the belt conveyor loading section, and compares the experimental data collected with the theoretical calculation results to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Combined with the analysis of the characteristics of the loading section and the problems existing in the current design of the guide groove, the length and shape of the guide groove are improved, and the three-dimensional material flow is simulated by the discrete element to verify the correctness of the improved scheme. According to the analysis of the characteristics of the loading section of the belt conveyor, it can be concluded that the vibration of the loading section of the belt conveyor and the distance between the rollers, the axial force of the conveyor belt and the impact force of the material are related. The smaller the spacing between the rollers and the larger the axial force and the smaller the material impact force, the smaller the vibration, the stability of the conveyor belt, and the longer the service life of the conveyor belt. According to the structure improvement of the loading section of the belt conveyor, it can be concluded that the improvement of the length of the guide groove is beneficial to improve the production efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of the belt conveyor, and the improvement of the shape of the guide groove is conducive to maintaining the neutrality of the material and preventing the spreading of the material.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH222

【参考文献】