轴承形廓质量检测方法的研究
发布时间：2019-05-09 04:35
【摘要】：轴承作为机械行业中应用最广泛,要求最严格的基础件之一,对整个机械系统的性能起着至关重要的作用。轴承内外圈作为轴承的主要组成部件,其精度决定了轴承的稳定性、安全性和可靠性。目前国内对轴承形廓质量的检测方法还处于手工或半自动的水平,检测误差较大且效率低。为了满足轴承形廓的自动化、高精度检测需求,通过对现有检测方法的对比分析,结合国内外轴承形廓检测研究现状及发展趋势,对检测设备的检测方案进行了研究,并确定了采用非接触式激光测量技术来拟定检测方案,且通过样机进行了验证。首先对常用轴承内外圈形廓结构及特点进行了分析,同时对三维形廓检测方法及原理进行了分析,结合工厂对各类轴承形廓参数的检测要求确定了激光三角法与光谱共焦法结合的检测方案。通过对检测方案的进一步分析,搭建了基于多激光传感器的并行高速检测设备,并采用伺服控制系统实现了各传感器的精确定位。然后对检测系统控制电路硬件平台各部分功能进行了详细分析与设计,确定了基于TMS320F28377D的控制方案,系统包括基于TMS320F28377D的主控模块,基于线性电源的电源模块,基于SCI的通信模块,基于双核的电机控制模块,基于SOC的数据采集模块以及通用的输入输出模块。基于控制系统硬件平台,对控制系统软件进行了分析,实现了基于Modbus的“DSP+HMI”设备通讯功能,基于多路传感器的高精度数据采集及滤波的算法等自动化检测功能。同时结合数字滤波理论,对比分析了FIR与IIR数字滤波器原理,并详细分析了FIR数字滤波器的几种设计方法。最终采用窗函法设计了基于Kaiser窗的FIR低通滤波器,并通过仿真得到正确的结果,在样机上进行了移植和验证。通过轴承外圈各参数的检测实验,对实验结果进行对比与分析,确定出各参数合适的二次采样点数,并对设备的检测精度进行分析,验证了检测方案的可行性。最后分析检测设备的误差来源,针对本检测设备提出了减小误差的措施及改进方法。
[Abstract]:Bearing, as one of the most widely used and strict basic parts in the mechanical industry, plays an important role in the performance of the whole mechanical system. Bearing inner and outer rings as the main components of the bearing, its accuracy determines the stability, safety and reliability of the bearing. At present, the detection method of bearing profile quality in our country is still in manual or semi-automatic level, and the detection error is large and the efficiency is low. In order to meet the requirements of automatic and high-precision detection of bearing profile, the detection scheme of bearing profile testing equipment is studied by comparing and analyzing the existing detection methods, combining with the current research situation and development trend of bearing profile detection at home and abroad, and in order to meet the requirements of bearing profile automation and high precision detection. The non-contact laser measurement technology is adopted to draw up the detection scheme, and it is verified by the prototype. Firstly, the structure and characteristics of inner and outer ring profile of common bearing are analyzed. At the same time, the method and principle of 3-D shape profile detection are analyzed. Combined with the requirements of various bearing profile parameters in the factory, the detection scheme of laser triangle method and spectral confocal method is determined. Through the further analysis of the detection scheme, the parallel high-speed detection equipment based on multi-laser sensors is built, and the precise positioning of each sensor is realized by using servo control system. Then the function of the hardware platform of the detection system is analyzed and designed in detail, and the control scheme based on TMS320F28377D is determined. The system includes the main control module based on TMS320F28377D, the power module based on linear power supply, and the communication module based on SCI. Based on dual-core motor control module, SOC-based data acquisition module and general input and output module. Based on the hardware platform of the control system, the software of the control system is analyzed. The communication function of "DSP HMI" equipment based on Modbus and the algorithm of high precision data acquisition and filtering based on multi-sensor are realized. Combined with the theory of digital filter, the principle of FIR and IIR digital filter is compared and analyzed, and several design methods of FIR digital filter are analyzed in detail. Finally, the window function method is used to design the FIR low-pass filter based on Kaiser window, and the correct results are obtained by simulation. The results are transplanted and verified on the prototype. Through the testing experiment of each parameter of bearing outer ring, the experiment result is compared and analyzed, the suitable secondary sampling point of each parameter is determined, and the testing precision of the equipment is analyzed, and the feasibility of the testing scheme is verified. Finally, the error source of the testing equipment is analyzed, and the measures to reduce the error and the improvement method are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133.3
本文编号：2472477
[Abstract]:Bearing, as one of the most widely used and strict basic parts in the mechanical industry, plays an important role in the performance of the whole mechanical system. Bearing inner and outer rings as the main components of the bearing, its accuracy determines the stability, safety and reliability of the bearing. At present, the detection method of bearing profile quality in our country is still in manual or semi-automatic level, and the detection error is large and the efficiency is low. In order to meet the requirements of automatic and high-precision detection of bearing profile, the detection scheme of bearing profile testing equipment is studied by comparing and analyzing the existing detection methods, combining with the current research situation and development trend of bearing profile detection at home and abroad, and in order to meet the requirements of bearing profile automation and high precision detection. The non-contact laser measurement technology is adopted to draw up the detection scheme, and it is verified by the prototype. Firstly, the structure and characteristics of inner and outer ring profile of common bearing are analyzed. At the same time, the method and principle of 3-D shape profile detection are analyzed. Combined with the requirements of various bearing profile parameters in the factory, the detection scheme of laser triangle method and spectral confocal method is determined. Through the further analysis of the detection scheme, the parallel high-speed detection equipment based on multi-laser sensors is built, and the precise positioning of each sensor is realized by using servo control system. Then the function of the hardware platform of the detection system is analyzed and designed in detail, and the control scheme based on TMS320F28377D is determined. The system includes the main control module based on TMS320F28377D, the power module based on linear power supply, and the communication module based on SCI. Based on dual-core motor control module, SOC-based data acquisition module and general input and output module. Based on the hardware platform of the control system, the software of the control system is analyzed. The communication function of "DSP HMI" equipment based on Modbus and the algorithm of high precision data acquisition and filtering based on multi-sensor are realized. Combined with the theory of digital filter, the principle of FIR and IIR digital filter is compared and analyzed, and several design methods of FIR digital filter are analyzed in detail. Finally, the window function method is used to design the FIR low-pass filter based on Kaiser window, and the correct results are obtained by simulation. The results are transplanted and verified on the prototype. Through the testing experiment of each parameter of bearing outer ring, the experiment result is compared and analyzed, the suitable secondary sampling point of each parameter is determined, and the testing precision of the equipment is analyzed, and the feasibility of the testing scheme is verified. Finally, the error source of the testing equipment is analyzed, and the measures to reduce the error and the improvement method are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133.3
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