带式输送机压陷滚动阻力理论与试验研究

发布时间：2019-05-10 01:28

【摘要】：带式输送机广泛应用于各行各业散料物料的输送。随着长距离、大运量、高带速要求的提高,带式输送机的能源损耗问题越来越突出。主要阻力是造成带式输送机能源损耗的主要原因,压陷滚动阻力约占主要阻力的50%-80%。而决定压陷滚动阻力大小的影响因素众多,较为准确地计算压陷滚动阻力存在较大困难,其中温度对压陷滚动阻力的影响较为突出。而我国幅员辽阔,南北温差较大,很有必要对压陷滚动阻力的产生机理及其随温度等影响因素的变化规律进行研究。课题采用了机理理论分析、数值模拟敏感性分析和试验测试相结合的方法,对压陷滚动阻力特性进行了研究。首先,研究了带式输送机压陷滚动阻力产生机理,通过对输送带覆盖层材料进行不同温度,不同载荷下的静态蠕变试验,获得不同条件下的蠕变曲线,利用最小二乘法对蠕变曲线进行非线性拟合,通过相关性分析,得到三元件Maxwell固体模型的输送带覆盖层橡胶材料的粘弹特性曲线图,把由橡胶的DMA试验数据拟合得到的粘弹特性模量随温度变化的数学函数导入三元件Maxwell模型,建立了基于温度效应的压陷滚动阻力数学模型。然后,应用MATLAB软件编写压陷滚动阻力计算程序,数值模拟研究了压陷滚动阻力随温度、带速、覆盖层厚度、加载条件等影响因素的变化规律,获得了压陷滚动阻力特性曲线。为了求解的方便,给出了Maxwell模型中温度函数的确定方法和覆盖层与托辊接触长度a和b的确定方法。最后,设计并制造了带式输送机压陷滚动阻力测试系统,试验测试了不同带速和加载条件及不同温度下压陷滚动阻力的变化情况,并与MATLAB数值模拟结果进行对比分析,从而验证理论的可靠性与正确性,由此给出了槽形托辊组压陷滚动阻力计算方法。通过以上研究,建立了基于温度效应的压陷滚动阻力的数学物理模型,并且在一定条件下,压陷滚动阻力具有随着温度的升高而增大,随带速的增大而增大,随加载的增大而增大的变化规律。所做研究具有重要的理论意义和实际生产价值,有助于提高带式输送机输送效率,最大限度减小能源损耗并指导设计。
[Abstract]:Belt conveyor is widely used in the transportation of bulk materials in various industries. With the increase of long distance, large traffic volume and high belt speed, the energy loss of belt conveyor is becoming more and more prominent. The main resistance is the main cause of energy loss of belt conveyor, and the rolling resistance accounts for about 50% and 80% of the main resistance. However, there are many factors that influence the rolling resistance of collapse, so it is difficult to calculate the rolling resistance of collapsing accurately, and the effect of temperature on rolling resistance of collapsing is more prominent. However, it is necessary to study the mechanism of rolling resistance and its variation with temperature due to its vast territory and large temperature difference between the north and the south of China. In this paper, the rolling resistance characteristics of collapse are studied by means of mechanism theory analysis, numerical simulation sensitivity analysis and experimental test. Firstly, the mechanism of rolling resistance of belt conveyor is studied. The creep curves under different conditions are obtained by static creep tests of conveyor belt overburden materials at different temperatures and loads. The creep curve was fitted by the least square method, and the viscoelastic curve of the rubber material covered by belt was obtained by correlation analysis of the three-element Maxwell solid model. The mathematical function of viscoelastic modulus varying with temperature from DMA test data of rubber was introduced into the three-element Maxwell model, and a mathematical model of rolling resistance of collapse based on temperature effect was established. Then, the calculation program of collapse rolling resistance is compiled by MATLAB software, and the variation of collapse rolling resistance with temperature, belt speed, coating thickness, loading condition and other influencing factors is studied by numerical simulation, and the characteristic curve of collapse rolling resistance is obtained. In order to solve the problem conveniently, the method of determining the temperature function in the Maxwell model and the contact length a and b between the covering layer and the roller are given. Finally, the rolling resistance test system of belt conveyor is designed and manufactured. The variation of the rolling resistance of belt conveyor under different belt speed and loading conditions and different temperatures is tested and compared with the results of MATLAB numerical simulation. Thus, the reliability and correctness of the theory are verified, and the calculation method of collapse rolling resistance of slot roller group is given. Through the above research, the mathematical and physical model of collapse rolling resistance based on temperature effect is established, and under certain conditions, the collapse rolling resistance increases with the increase of temperature and with the increase of band speed. The law of change that increases with the increase of loading. The research has important theoretical significance and practical production value, which is helpful to improve the transportation efficiency of belt conveyor, minimize energy loss and guide the design.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH222

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