重载螺栓的力学性能分析及其结构优化研究

发布时间：2019-05-30 00:50

【摘要】：本文的重载是指在螺纹联接结构中外部载荷接近螺栓预紧力,甚至超过螺栓预紧力的螺栓联接边界条件。目前,对螺纹联接结构的力学性能分析主要用到的方法有解析法和有限元法。然而,分析过程中的多个简化处理带来的结果存在较大的误差,这难以为螺纹联接结构的设计提供可靠的理论支持。因此,进一步深入开展螺纹联接的相关研究工作具有显而易见的意义。基于此,本文在大量理论研究的基础上,利用有限元软件对螺栓的相关力学性能进行了分析并对其结构优化设计做了一定研究。主要从两方面进行了研究:首先,基于螺栓的相关理论,利用有限元软件对螺栓的联接结构进行了力学性能分析。螺栓联接结构的力学性能分析主要分为静力学分析和动力学分析。螺栓的静力学分析理论已比较成熟,并且有限元软件也已经是一种常见的工具,但是利用有限元软件对螺栓联接结构进行分析则面临着诸多问题。而研究螺栓的动力学的理论相对较少,在螺栓静力学分析的基础上,可以利用有限元软件初步对螺栓的动力学特征进行分析,研究在不同应力幅值激励下螺栓的应力特征。其次,在力学性能分析的基础上,结合螺栓的相关理论,研究了如何才能更好地利用有限元软件进行结构优化设计。螺栓联接结构是一种常见的联接结构,主要由被联接件以及螺栓和螺母构成。螺栓联接结构在宏观上的设计方法通常相对简单。为了提高螺栓的力学性能通常需要深入螺栓和螺母的内部,优化螺栓和螺母内部的细节几何参数,来提高螺栓和螺母的联接强度。本文以ANSYS14.0软件为工具,对螺栓联接结构进行了参数化建模,在大量理论分析的基础上分析了螺栓在预紧力以及动载激励下的轴向应力特征,并探讨了如何对螺栓进行结构优化的方法。其分析方法为螺栓联接结构的力学性能分析及其结构优化设计研究提供了一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:The heavy load in this paper refers to the boundary condition of bolt connection in which the external load is close to the bolt pretightening force or even exceeds the bolt pretightening force in the threaded connection structure. At present, analytical method and finite element method are mainly used to analyze the mechanical properties of threaded connection structure. However, there are large errors in the results of multiple simplified processing in the analysis process, which is difficult to provide reliable theoretical support for the design of threaded connection structures. Therefore, it is of obvious significance to further carry out the related research work of thread connection. Based on this, on the basis of a large number of theoretical research, the mechanical properties of bolts are analyzed by using finite element software, and the structural optimization design of bolts is studied. This paper mainly studies from two aspects: firstly, based on the related theory of bolts, the mechanical properties of bolt connection structure are analyzed by using finite element software. The mechanical properties analysis of bolt connection structure is mainly divided into statics analysis and dynamic analysis. The statics analysis theory of bolts has been relatively mature, and finite element software is also a common tool, but the use of finite element software to analyze bolt connection structure is faced with many problems. However, there are relatively few theories to study the dynamics of bolts. On the basis of static analysis of bolts, the dynamic characteristics of bolts can be preliminarily analyzed by finite element software, and the stress characteristics of bolts excited by different stress amplitudes can be studied. Secondly, on the basis of mechanical properties analysis, combined with the related theory of bolts, this paper studies how to make better use of finite element software for structural optimization design. Bolt connection structure is a common connection structure, which is mainly composed of connected parts, bolts and nuts. The design method of bolted connection structure is usually relatively simple. In order to improve the mechanical properties of bolts, it is usually necessary to go deep into the interior of bolts and nuts and optimize the detailed geometric parameters of bolts and nuts in order to improve the connection strength of bolts and nuts. In this paper, the parametric modeling of bolt connection structure is carried out with ANSYS14.0 software as a tool, and the axial stress characteristics of bolt under pretightening force and dynamic load excitation are analyzed on the basis of a large number of theoretical analysis. How to optimize the structure of bolts is also discussed. The analysis method provides a certain reference for the mechanical properties analysis and structural optimization design of bolt connection structures.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH131.3

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