铝合金靶体在偏航斜撞击下的抗侵彻特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 02:36

本文选题：撞击　切入点：偏航角　出处：《中国民航大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：弹靶撞击问题在民航安全领域有着广泛应用,研究靶体在遭受外来物撞击下的抗侵彻特性具有明显的工程应用价值,但目前国内外关于弹靶撞击的研究大多集中于正撞击方面,很少考虑到弹体倾角和偏航角对撞击结果的影响。因此,本文以单层2A12铝合金薄靶为研究对象,研究靶体在高强度平头弹体偏航斜撞击下的抗侵彻特性,分析了各个因素对弹体侵彻性能的影响。主要工作如下:首先,简要地介绍了国内外关于偏航斜撞击的研究情况。结果表明:弹体的着靶姿态能够显著影响到弹体的侵彻性能和靶体的损伤形式,但与正撞击相比,国内外关于偏航撞击和斜撞击的研究急需得到补充和完善,针对这一问题,提出了本文的研究思路。其次,利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立弹靶撞击的仿真模型,同时利用一级轻气炮进行正撞击的验证性实验,对比撞击后的弹道极限、剩余速度和靶体损伤情况,发现仿真所得弹道极限仅比实验低3.42%,同时靶体损伤情况符合较好,验证了仿真模型的有效性;再次,分别对靶体在斜撞击和偏航撞击下的抗侵彻特性进行研究。分析了弹道极限的变化规律并构造经验公式进行定量表达。研究表明,随着初始倾角和偏航角的增加,弹道极限出现先降低后升高的变化趋势,在初始倾角或初始偏航角处于15°~30°之间时,弹道极限达到最低。针对这一现象,从靶体的失效模式和弹体的运动稳定性等角度进行分析;最后,对靶体在偏航斜撞击下的抗侵彻特性进行研究,结果发现,着靶姿态和初始速度均能够对靶体抗侵彻性能造成显著影响,当弹体初始轨迹角为-20°时,靶体的弹道极限达到最低,而当弹体初始轨迹角为0°时,靶体的弹道极限则达到最高,针对这一现象,从靶体的失效模式和弹体的运动稳定性等角度进行分析,揭示了混合撞击形式下的弹靶变化规律。本论文对铝合金薄靶在不同撞击条件下的抗侵彻特性进行了较为系统性的研究,分析了各个因素对撞击结果的影响效果。研究结果可为优化靶板安装方式,提高靶体抗侵彻特性提供参考和依据。
[Abstract]:The target impact problem is widely used in the field of civil aviation safety. The research on the penetration resistance of the target body under the impact of foreign objects has obvious engineering application value. However, most of the research on the target impact at home and abroad is focused on the positive impact at present. The influence of inclination angle and yaw angle of projectile on the impact results is seldom considered. Therefore, the penetration resistance of single layer 2A12 aluminum alloy thin target under oblique impact of high-strength flat-headed projectile is studied in this paper. The influence of various factors on the penetration performance of projectile is analyzed. The main work is as follows: first, This paper briefly introduces the research situation of yaw oblique impact at home and abroad. The results show that the target attitude of the projectile can significantly affect the penetration performance and the damage form of the projectile, but compared with the positive impact, The research on yaw impact and oblique impact is urgently needed to be supplemented and perfected at home and abroad. Aiming at this problem, the paper puts forward the research idea of this paper. Secondly, the simulation model of projectile target impact is established by using finite element software ABAQUS. At the same time, the verification experiment of positive impact was carried out by using the first class light gas gun. By comparing the ballistic limit, residual velocity and target damage after the impact, it was found that the ballistic limit obtained by simulation was only 3.42 lower than that of the experiment, and the damage of the target was in good agreement. The effectiveness of the simulation model is verified. Thirdly, the anti-penetration characteristics of the target under oblique impact and yaw impact are studied respectively. The variation law of ballistic limit is analyzed and empirical formulas are constructed for quantitative expression. With the increase of initial inclination angle and yaw angle, the ballistic limit decreases first and then increases. When the initial inclination angle or initial yaw angle is between 15 掳and 30 掳, the ballistic limit reaches the lowest. The failure mode of the target and the motion stability of the projectile are analyzed. Finally, the anti-penetration characteristics of the target under oblique yaw impact are studied, and the results show that, Both the landing attitude and the initial velocity can significantly affect the penetration resistance of the target. When the initial trajectory angle of the projectile is -20 掳, the ballistic limit of the target reaches the lowest, and when the initial trajectory angle of the projectile is 0 掳, the ballistic limit of the target reaches the highest. In view of this phenomenon, the failure mode of the target and the motion stability of the projectile are analyzed. In this paper, the penetration resistance of aluminum alloy thin targets under different impact conditions is systematically studied. The effects of various factors on the impact results are analyzed. The results can provide a reference and basis for optimizing the installation mode of the target plate and improving the penetration resistance of the target body.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TJ410;V328

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