煤矿井下喷雾降尘影响因素的试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 07:53

本文选题：安全工程 + 喷雾　；参考：《安全与环境学报》2015年06期

【摘要】：为提高煤矿井下喷雾降尘效率和改善作业环境,研究相关影响因素与降尘效果间的关系。基于自行设计的喷雾降尘试验系统,采用粉尘质量浓度测定仪对井下常用的螺旋形压力喷嘴在不同喷雾压力、喷嘴直径、风流粉尘质量浓度及巷道风速下的降尘效果进行了系统的测定。结果表明,1)随喷雾压力增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率均不断增加;但当喷雾压力增加至8 MPa后,继续提高喷雾压力,降尘效率的提高不明显。2)在相同喷雾压力下,随喷嘴直径增加,全尘降尘效率不断增加;而呼吸性粉尘降尘效率先增加后减小,在喷嘴直径为1.5mm时达到最大值。在耗水量相同的情况下,随喷嘴直径增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘降尘效率均下降。3)在井下喷雾降尘中,当耗水量不受限制时,为同时确保全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率,选择直径为1.5 mm的喷嘴较为合适;当耗水量受限制时,宜选择直径为1.2 mm的喷嘴。4)随风流粉尘质量浓度增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率均有所提高。5)随巷道风速增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率均呈现一定程度的下降,且巷道风速对呼吸性粉尘的影响更为明显。对于煤矿井下喷雾降尘,工作面风速对全尘降尘效率的影响并不明显,但对呼吸性粉尘降尘效率有较大的影响。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the efficiency of spray dust control and improve the working environment, the relationship between the influence factors and the dust control effect was studied. Based on the self-designed spray dedusting test system, the spiral pressure nozzles, which are commonly used in downhole, are measured by dust mass concentration tester at different spray pressures and nozzle diameters. The dust concentration of air flow and the dust reduction effect under the wind speed of roadway were systematically measured. The results showed that the dedusting efficiency of both total dust and respiratory dust increased with the increase of spray pressure, but when the spray pressure increased to 8 MPa, the spray pressure continued to increase, and the dust reduction efficiency was not significantly increased at the same spray pressure. With the nozzle diameter increasing, the dust removal efficiency of the whole dust increased, while the dust removal efficiency of respiratory dust increased first and then decreased, and reached the maximum when the nozzle diameter was 1.5mm. In the case of the same water consumption, with the increase of nozzle diameter, the dedusting efficiency of both total dust and breathing dust decreased .3) in the downhole spray dust control, when water consumption is not limited, the dust reduction efficiency of both total dust and breathing dust is ensured simultaneously. When the water consumption is limited, the nozzle with diameter 1.2 mm should be selected. The dust reduction efficiency of both total dust and respiratory dust increases with the increase of air dust concentration. 5) the dust removal efficiency increases with the increase of tunnel wind speed. The dust reduction efficiency of both total dust and respiratory dust decreased to some extent, and the influence of tunnel wind speed on respiratory dust was more obvious. For the coal mine, the effect of wind speed on the efficiency of dust removal is not obvious, but it has a great effect on the efficiency of dust removal of respiratory dust.
【作者单位】：湖南科技大学能源与安全工程学院;湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51574123)
【分类号】：TD714.4

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