公路应急管理体系构建和能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 05:45

本文选题：公路 + 应急管理　；参考：《浙江大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：公路作为现代交通运输体系的重要组成部分,作为社会经济发展的“先行官”,对国民经济的持续发展起着十分重要的作用。随着我国公路总里程、汽车保有量、公路客货运量和周转量的不断增加,公路通达深度和网络化程度的不断提高,随之增多的突发事件,对公路运营阶段的应急管理形成了严峻考验。如何高效、快速处置突发事件,保证公路安全畅通就成为各级公路管理机构和收费公路公路经营单位面临的十分迫切问题。建立全面、科学、高效的公路应急管理体系和全面、科学的评价公路管理机构和收费公路经营单位应急管理综合能力,已经成为目前公路行业安全生产管理工作中新的研究课题。本文对公路应急管理体系构建和应急管理综合能力评价进行初步研究。首先,介绍了公路突发事件应急管理的研究背景,以及我国公路应急管理的发展形势和面临的问题,阐明了论文研究内容、方法和采用的技术路线。其次,介绍了公路突发事件的定义、分类和特点,以及应急管理的定义和原则,阐述了响应与恢复基础型的传统应急管理和预防及风险减缓基础型的现代应急管理的差别后,介绍了美国和德国应急管理的特点,提出了国外应急管理经验对我国应急管理体系建设的启示。然后,从全过程风险管理理论出发,建立了公路应急管理体系,将公路应急管理的周期划分为减灾、备灾、应急响应、恢复重建4个阶段,并详细分析、论述了各阶段的具体工作内容。最后,提出理论检验评估的重要性,对现行的方法进行归纳总结。根据构建的四阶段公路应急管理体系,建立了包含防灾减灾能力、应急准备能力、应急响应能力、恢复重建能力在内的公路应急管理综合能力评价模型并确定了各项指标。然后通过改进的层次分析法-G1法确定指标体系权重,并根据此评价指标体系,采用线性加权求和法对X区域国省道公路应急管理综合能力进行打分评价,验证了模型的可行性和实用性。通过分析,从公路行业应急管理角度,对加强X区域国省道公路应急管理能力建设提出了建议。
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern transportation system, highway plays an important role in the sustainable development of national economy. With the increase of the total mileage of the highway, the quantity of the vehicle, the volume of passenger and cargo transportation and the turnover of the highway, the depth of highway access and the degree of networking are increasing, and the number of unexpected events is increasing. The emergency management of highway operation stage has formed a severe test. How to deal with emergencies efficiently and quickly, and how to ensure the safety and unimpeded of highway becomes a very urgent problem for highway management organizations and toll road management units at all levels. Establish a comprehensive, scientific and efficient highway emergency management system and comprehensive, scientific evaluation of highway management institutions and toll road management units emergency management comprehensive capacity, It has become a new research topic in the safety production management of highway industry. This paper makes a preliminary study on the construction of highway emergency management system and the evaluation of comprehensive ability of emergency management. Firstly, this paper introduces the research background of highway emergency management, the development situation and problems of highway emergency management in China, and expounds the research contents, methods and technical route adopted in this paper. Secondly, it introduces the definition, classification and characteristics of highway emergencies, as well as the definition and principles of emergency management, and expounds the differences between traditional emergency management and prevention based on response and restoration and modern emergency management based on risk mitigation. This paper introduces the characteristics of emergency management in the United States and Germany, and puts forward the enlightenment of the experience of foreign emergency management to the construction of emergency management system in China. Then, based on the whole process risk management theory, the highway emergency management system is established. The period of highway emergency management is divided into four stages: disaster reduction, disaster preparedness, emergency response, recovery and reconstruction. The concrete work contents of each stage are discussed. Finally, the importance of theoretical testing and evaluation is put forward, and the current methods are summarized. According to the four-stage highway emergency management system, a comprehensive evaluation model of highway emergency management capacity, including disaster prevention and mitigation capacity, emergency preparedness capacity, emergency response capacity and reconstruction ability, was established and the indexes were determined. Then the weight of the index system is determined by the improved Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) -G1 method, and according to the evaluation index system, the comprehensive capacity of the provincial highway emergency management in the X region is evaluated by the linear weighted summation method. The feasibility and practicability of the model are verified. From the point of view of emergency management of highway industry, the paper puts forward some suggestions on strengthening the capacity of provincial highway emergency management in X region.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8

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