整合矿区低品位民采残留金矿体安全经济开采评估技术

发布时间：2018-09-13 12:07

【摘要】：2005年以来，国土资源部加大民采矿山的整合力度，国内形成大量的整合矿区。随着国际市场对黄金的需求进一步加大，低品位矿体和民采残留金矿体也逐渐得到人们的重视。受技术条件制约，在开采这部分矿体过程中，普遍存在开采难度大、效率低、成本高、经济效益差等问题。开展整合矿区矿体开采的安全性和经济性研究，可以为该部分矿体安全开采提供技术支撑，引领我国黄金行业的科技进步，满足我国黄金矿产资源的有效供给，符合国家长远发展战略需求。论文在国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“大型金矿绿色采选冶技术研究及示范”（2012BAB08B00）的课题“复杂破碎金矿高效开采工艺技术”（2012BAB08B02）支持下，以国内某大型整合矿区黄金矿山的安全经济开采为研究对象，以安全开采和边界品位优化为目标，在综合分析国内外资料的基础上，通过现场调研、理论研究、经济分析等方法，开展了民采残留金矿体安全经济开采评估技术的研究，取得的主要研究成果如下：（1）通过整合矿区现场调研，了解了矿区水文地质、矿体赋存、开采环境等情况，明确了整合矿区矿体的构成。（2）在前人采空区探测的基础上，了解了残矿体中采空区的分布、规模、引发的工程地质灾害等。通过对残矿体中的采空区统计和分析，剖析了影响整合矿区采空区稳定性的危险因素，并提出了具体的安全防范治理措施，防止开采过程中安全事故的发生。（3）通过对整合矿区地下开采的边界品位优化影响因素分析，基于经济学的边际分析法，建立了以盈利最大为目标的整合矿区边界品位优化模型。结合矿山品位分布情况和实际生产成本数据，利用优化模型对边界品位进行优化。计算出整合矿区生产的最优边界品位，保证了整合矿区生产的经济性。根据最优边界品位对矿山生产进行优化，优化结果为：矿山的服务年限是10a，边界品位是0.65g/t，每年生产的精矿量为928760t，，最终获得黄金为3052899.8g。（4）应用粒子群优化算法对边界品位进行优化，建立适用于粒子群优化的矿山边界品位优化模型，选取合适的优化参数。得到不同的采矿损失率和不同的金属单价情况下的最佳边界品位。根据最佳边界品位对矿山生产进行优化，得出的优化结果与边际分析法模型下的优化结果基本一致。
[Abstract]:Since 2005, the Ministry of Land and Resources has increased the integration of mining mountains, forming a large number of integrated mining areas. With the increasing demand for gold in the international market, people pay more attention to low grade ore bodies and residual gold bodies. Restricted by the technical conditions, the mining process of this part of the ore body, mining is difficult, low efficiency, high cost, poor economic benefits and other problems. The research on the safety and economy of ore body mining in integrated mining area can provide technical support for the safety mining of this part of ore body, lead the scientific and technological progress of gold industry in our country, and satisfy the effective supply of gold mineral resources in our country. In line with the country's long-term development strategy needs. The thesis is supported by the research and demonstration of green mining and metallurgical technology of large gold deposit (2012BAB08B00), a national "12th Five-Year Plan" project, "efficient Mining Technology of complex broken Gold Mine" (2012BAB08B02). Taking the safe and economic mining of a large integrated gold mine in China as the research object, taking safe mining and boundary grade optimization as the goal, on the basis of comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign data, through field investigation, theoretical research, By means of economic analysis and other methods, the research on safety and economic mining evaluation technology of residual gold ore body is carried out. The main research results are as follows: (1) by integrating field investigation in mining area, the hydrogeology of mining area is understood. The occurrence and mining environment of ore bodies have made clear the composition of ore bodies in integrated mining areas. (2) on the basis of previous goaf exploration, the distribution, scale and engineering geological hazards of goaf in residual ore bodies have been understood. Based on the statistics and analysis of the goaf in the residual orebody, the paper analyzes the risk factors that affect the stability of the goaf in the integrated mining area, and puts forward the concrete measures of safety prevention and treatment. To prevent the occurrence of safety accidents in the mining process. (3) by analyzing the influence factors of the boundary grade optimization of the integrated underground mining area, based on the marginal analysis of economics, The optimization model of boundary grade of integrated mining area with the goal of maximum profit is established. Combined with mine grade distribution and actual production cost data, the boundary grade was optimized by using optimization model. The optimal boundary grade of integrated mining area is calculated, and the economy of integrated mining area is ensured. According to the optimal boundary grade, the mine production is optimized. The optimization results are as follows: the service life of mine is 10a, the boundary grade is 0.65g / t, the annual concentrate production is 928760t, and the final gold is 3052899.8g. (4) Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used to optimize the boundary grade. The optimization model of mine boundary grade suitable for particle swarm optimization is established, and appropriate optimization parameters are selected. The optimum boundary grade of different mining loss rate and different metal unit price is obtained. According to the optimum boundary grade, the optimization results of mine production are in good agreement with the optimization results under the marginal analytical model.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X936;TD863

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