矿用救生舱用锂电池组高效管理的研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 20:17

【摘要】：矿用救生舱是用来研究解决矿山企业的重大灾害应急救援的一项关键技术设备,为了保证救生舱能够在矿井灾难发生时正常使用,需要配备不间断电源。而锂离子电池,以其较高的能量质量比、能量体积比、无记忆效应、较长的循环使用寿命等特点,成为救生舱供电的不间断电源首选材料。本文首先介绍了锂电池的应用现状和国内外对电池管理系统的研究现状,并采用磷酸铁锂电池作为研究对象,简要说明了其工作原理。其次介绍了锂电池的关键性能和特性,对锂电池的充放电特性、温度特性、倍率特性作了重点说明。再者,一个完整的电池管理系统包括五大部分,我们主要研究的是电池的状态检测、剩余电量评估和均衡控制管理。对于电池的剩余电量(SOC)估计,我们提出了结合Ah计量法、开路电压法和扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的新算法。同时,为了适合卡尔曼滤波算法,使用复合模型来对电池建模。由于电池组中的各个单体电池存在了不可避免的不一致性,我们需要给系统加入均衡控制管理结构。本文采用非耗散型双向均衡控制电路,使相邻的两个单体电池之间的多余能量可以双向流动,减少了能量的损失。另外,为了控制开关管的通断,还加入了驱动电路的设计。在系统的硬件设计中,采用了TMS320LF2407作为主控制器,外围电路则主要包括信号的采集和串行通讯电路的设计,需要采集的信号包括串联电池组中的单体电池电压值、电池组总电压值、电池组电流值和电池组的温度值。串行通讯电路采用的是RS-485的接口设计,以满足工业上长距离通讯的控制要求。在软件设计上,采用定时器中断来采集数据,并从中调用其他子程序的执行。最后,我们用MATLAB来仿真验证SOC算法的可行性和估算精度,仿真的结果表明该算法能够对误差进行修正,达到了很好的估算效果。对于均衡控制电路的实验,与另外两种均衡控制电路结构进行对比,表明了该均衡控制电路结构在均衡性能和均衡时间上都有很大的提高。文章的结尾是对本文研究的总结与展望。
[Abstract]:Mine lifebuoy is a key technical equipment used to study and solve the serious disaster emergency rescue of mine enterprises. In order to ensure the lifebuoy can be used normally in mine disaster, uninterruptible power supply is needed. Because of its high energy mass ratio, energy volume ratio, no memory effect and long cycle life, Li-ion battery has become the first choice of power supply materials for lifebuoys. In this paper, the application status of lithium battery and the research status of battery management system at home and abroad are introduced, and the working principle of lithium iron phosphate battery is briefly explained. Secondly, the key performance and characteristics of lithium battery are introduced. The charge-discharge characteristic, temperature characteristic and rate characteristic of lithium battery are emphasized. Furthermore, a complete battery management system consists of five parts. We mainly study battery status detection, residual power evaluation and balance control management. For the (SOC) estimation of battery residual quantity, we propose a new algorithm combining Ah metering method, open circuit voltage method and extended Kalman filter algorithm. At the same time, in order to fit the Kalman filter algorithm, the composite model is used to model the battery. Due to the inevitable inconsistency among the individual cells in the battery pack, we need to add a balanced control management structure to the system. In this paper, the non-dissipative bi-directional equalization control circuit is used to make the excess energy between two adjacent cells flow in both directions, thus reducing the loss of energy. In addition, in order to control the switch on and off, the design of driving circuit is also added. In the hardware design of the system, TMS320LF2407 is used as the main controller, the peripheral circuit mainly includes signal acquisition and serial communication circuit design, and the signal to be collected includes the voltage value of the single cell in the series battery pack. The total voltage of the battery, the current of the battery and the temperature of the battery. The serial communication circuit adopts the interface design of RS-485 to meet the control requirement of long distance communication in industry. In software design, timer interrupt is used to collect data and call the execution of other subprograms. Finally, we use MATLAB to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the SOC algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm can correct the error and achieve a good estimation effect. The experiments of equalization control circuit are compared with the other two equalization control circuit structures. The results show that the equalization performance and equalization time of the equalization control circuit are greatly improved. The conclusion of the article is the summary and prospect of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM912;TD774

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