基于压电复合结构的主动吸声特性与灵敏度分析研究
发布时间：2019-03-28 17:47
【摘要】：主动吸声方法是解决低频噪声的有效手段，通过结合主被动吸声技术，可以解决宽频带内的降噪问题。压电材料作为一种可以转换力-电能量的智能材料，在振动噪声控制领域被广泛应用和研究。论文基于流行的有限元方法对压电-橡胶2-2型复合结构进行了研究，，采用大型商业有限元软件对复合结构的动力学特性、吸声特性和灵敏度因素进行了分析。 论文研究了压电材料和均匀多层材料的声传播特性和压电复合结构的主动吸声理论以及在流体环境中结构-压电-流体多物理场耦合的有限元理论，从理论上分析了利用压电材料实现主动吸声的可行性，并提出了适用于有限元软件进行材料吸声系数计算的声波分离法和阻抗匹配法。 对橡胶层、压电陶瓷层和压电复合结构分别进行了模态分析、谐响应分析和瞬态分析，研究了三种结构表面压强、电压和位移响应之间的相互关系。基于阻抗匹配法，对结构表面施加不同频率的谐波压强模拟平面声波作用，通过提取表面质点稳态速度响应，计算分析了三种结构的表面声阻抗、水中阻抗匹配度和被动吸声系数。 在对上述三种材料的动力学特性和吸声特性分析的基础上，研究了压电复合材料的厚度、结构和电压等相关影响因素对吸声特性的灵敏度分析，为通过调整结构参数、控制电压进行阻抗匹配实现主动吸声提供参考和依据。在灵敏度分析的基础上，对压电复合结构同时施加变频变幅的声压载荷和控制电压，仿真分析了压电复合结构的主动吸声方法，结果显示其有效改善了材料的低频吸声特性。
[Abstract]:Active sound absorption method is an effective method to solve low frequency noise. By combining active and passive sound absorption technology, the problem of noise reduction in wide band can be solved. Piezoelectric materials are widely used and studied in the field of vibration and noise control as a kind of intelligent material which can convert force-electric energy. In this paper, the piezoelectric-rubber 2-2 composite structure is studied based on the popular finite element method. The dynamic characteristics, sound absorption characteristics and sensitivity factors of the composite structure are analyzed by large-scale commercial finite element software. In this paper, the acoustic propagation characteristics of piezoelectric materials and uniform multilayer materials, the active sound absorption theory of piezoelectric composite structures and the finite element theory of structure-piezoelectric-fluid multi-physical field coupling in fluid environment are studied. The feasibility of using piezoelectric materials to realize active sound absorption is analyzed theoretically, and the sound wave separation method and impedance matching method suitable for the calculation of sound absorption coefficient of materials by finite element software are put forward. Modal analysis, harmonic response analysis and transient analysis of rubber layer, piezoelectric ceramic layer and piezoelectric composite structure are carried out respectively. The relationship among surface pressure, voltage and displacement response of the three structures is studied. Based on the impedance matching method, the surface acoustic impedance of three kinds of structures is calculated and analyzed by extracting the steady-state velocity response of the surface particles by applying harmonic pressure of different frequencies to the surface of the structure. Impedance matching and passive sound absorption coefficient in water. Based on the analysis of the dynamic and sound absorption characteristics of the three materials mentioned above, the sensitivity analysis of the thickness, structure and voltage of the piezoelectric composites to the sound absorption characteristics is studied in order to adjust the structural parameters. Control voltage impedance matching to achieve active sound absorption provides a reference and basis. On the basis of sensitivity analysis, the active sound absorption method of piezoelectric composite structure is simulated and analyzed by applying the sound pressure load and control voltage of frequency conversion and amplitude variation simultaneously. The results show that the active sound absorption method of piezoelectric composite structure can effectively improve the low frequency sound absorption characteristics of the material.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TB535
本文编号：2449093
[Abstract]:Active sound absorption method is an effective method to solve low frequency noise. By combining active and passive sound absorption technology, the problem of noise reduction in wide band can be solved. Piezoelectric materials are widely used and studied in the field of vibration and noise control as a kind of intelligent material which can convert force-electric energy. In this paper, the piezoelectric-rubber 2-2 composite structure is studied based on the popular finite element method. The dynamic characteristics, sound absorption characteristics and sensitivity factors of the composite structure are analyzed by large-scale commercial finite element software. In this paper, the acoustic propagation characteristics of piezoelectric materials and uniform multilayer materials, the active sound absorption theory of piezoelectric composite structures and the finite element theory of structure-piezoelectric-fluid multi-physical field coupling in fluid environment are studied. The feasibility of using piezoelectric materials to realize active sound absorption is analyzed theoretically, and the sound wave separation method and impedance matching method suitable for the calculation of sound absorption coefficient of materials by finite element software are put forward. Modal analysis, harmonic response analysis and transient analysis of rubber layer, piezoelectric ceramic layer and piezoelectric composite structure are carried out respectively. The relationship among surface pressure, voltage and displacement response of the three structures is studied. Based on the impedance matching method, the surface acoustic impedance of three kinds of structures is calculated and analyzed by extracting the steady-state velocity response of the surface particles by applying harmonic pressure of different frequencies to the surface of the structure. Impedance matching and passive sound absorption coefficient in water. Based on the analysis of the dynamic and sound absorption characteristics of the three materials mentioned above, the sensitivity analysis of the thickness, structure and voltage of the piezoelectric composites to the sound absorption characteristics is studied in order to adjust the structural parameters. Control voltage impedance matching to achieve active sound absorption provides a reference and basis. On the basis of sensitivity analysis, the active sound absorption method of piezoelectric composite structure is simulated and analyzed by applying the sound pressure load and control voltage of frequency conversion and amplitude variation simultaneously. The results show that the active sound absorption method of piezoelectric composite structure can effectively improve the low frequency sound absorption characteristics of the material.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TB535
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