基于多元信息预警系统的隧道施工过程安全评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 21:13

本文关键词：基于多元信息预警系统的隧道施工过程安全评价方法研究　出处：《北京市市政工程研究院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：通过对大量文献的研究,借助大连前石隧道、陕西省包家山隧道、108国道南村隧道、北京地铁大兴线隧道的多元信息预警系统实测资料,参考分析以往隧道施工的事故原因,利用现场采集、理论分析和数值模拟等多种研究手段,在分析隧道施工风险成因、演变规律的基础上,对公路隧道施工的各种安全评价方法进行了深入研究,结合多元信息预警系统在北京头道穴隧道施工中的应用,提出了一种隧道施工过程的安全评价方法。主要研究成果如下:(1)通过分析隧道施工安全评价的现状及存在的问题,综合对比隧道施工的各种安全评价方法,归纳了各方法的特点、适用条件及局限性。其局限性主要有两方面,一是施工信息获取不够全面、及时,评价存在滞后性;二是评价结果受人为主观影响较大。通过分析,提出了一套基于多元信息预警系统的隧道施工过程安全评价方法。(2)通过对隧道施工风险因素的分析,将影响隧道施工安全的主要风险因素归结为人员因素、设备因素和环境因素三方面,在此基础上构建了隧道施工过程安全评价指标体系,实现隧道施工安全动态评价,并能够确定具体的风险源。随着信息的不断采集,系统能够根据数据变化趋势预测施工风险,以便施工人员提早应对,有效解决了一般评价方法的滞后性。(3)为了实现隧道施工安全自动评价,构建的指标均易采集、可量化且指向明确,结合隧道具体情况,分析各因素之间关系,分解复杂的风险问题,通过若干子因素的两两对比计算出各项风险因素权重。该方法有利于后期修正,可以针对不同隧道工程进行设计修改,进一步拓宽了评价方法的实用性。(4)将多元信息预警系统运用于头道穴隧道施工中,对其施工过程进行安全评价,评价结果显示该隧道的施工处于蓝色预警状态,对这一评价结果的风险因素进行逐项分析,与工程现场情况对比,得出评价结果与工程实际情况一致,指出了该隧道主要风险源为环境方面的风险,通过对比验证、数值模拟及后期修正,进一步提升了风险预警的精准度和可靠性。
[Abstract]:Through the study of a large number of documents, with the aid of Dalian Qianshi Tunnel, Baojiashan Tunnel of Shaanxi Province, Nancun Tunnel of Guan108 National Road, and Beijing Metro Daxing Line Tunnel, the measured data of multiple information early warning system are obtained. Referring to and analyzing the causes of tunnel construction accidents in the past, this paper analyzes the causes and evolution of tunnel construction risks by means of field acquisition, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Various safety evaluation methods of highway tunnel construction are studied in depth, and the application of multi-information early warning system in the construction of Beijing Toutao Cave Tunnel is discussed. This paper puts forward a safety evaluation method for tunnel construction process. The main research results are as follows: 1) by analyzing the present situation and existing problems of tunnel construction safety evaluation. Comprehensive comparison of the tunnel construction of various safety evaluation methods, summed up the characteristics of each method, applicable conditions and limitations. Its limitations are mainly two aspects, one is that the construction information is not comprehensive and timely. There is lag in evaluation; Second, the evaluation result is greatly affected by human subjective. Through analysis, a set of safety evaluation method of tunnel construction process based on multi-information early warning system is put forward. (2) through the analysis of tunnel construction risk factors. The main risk factors affecting tunnel construction safety are summed up as personnel factors, equipment factors and environmental factors. On this basis, the safety evaluation index system of tunnel construction process is constructed. With the continuous collection of information, the system can predict the construction risk according to the trend of data change, so that the construction personnel can deal with it early. In order to realize the automatic evaluation of tunnel construction, the constructed indexes are easy to collect, can be quantified and pointed clearly, combined with the tunnel specific situation. This paper analyzes the relationship between various factors, decomposes the complex risk problem, and calculates the weight of each risk factor through the comparison of several sub-factors. This method is propitious to the later revision. The design of different tunnel projects can be modified, and the practicability of the evaluation method is further broadened. (4) the multi-information early warning system is applied to the tunnel construction of Tou Dao Cave, and the safety evaluation of the construction process is carried out. The evaluation results show that the tunnel construction is in a blue warning state, the risk factors of the evaluation results are analyzed item by item, and compared with the project site situation, the evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation of the project. It is pointed out that the main risk source of the tunnel is the environmental risk. The accuracy and reliability of the early warning are further improved by comparison, numerical simulation and later correction.
【学位授予单位】：北京市市政工程研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455

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