环境照度影响下城市道路交通流特性及交通管控方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 23:04

本文关键词：环境照度影响下城市道路交通流特性及交通管控方法研究　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：环境照度不充分时,道路交通事故频发,对交通正常运行以及社会经济生活造成了严重干扰。在城市交通中,由于交通流密度大,上述问题受环境照度的影响更为明显,危害性更大。所以,如何通过研究低照度环境下城市道路交通流特性,针对性地对交通流进行相应管理与控制,对于解决低照度环境下的各种交通问题具有深刻的理论与现实意义。论文依托国家自然科学基金项目“环境照度变化下道路交通流运行特性及对交通安全影响机理研究(No.51308177)”,对低照度环境下道路交通流特性进行研究,主要包括城市道路速度特性分析,道路交通流特性分析,信号交叉口交通流特性分析和相应交通管控措施的制定。首先,对城市道路功能与定位进行分析,确定本文研究对象载体为城市快速路。根据合肥市典型快速路路段交通调查结果,分析其平均速度、不同车道速度以及不同车型速度特性,且对车速离散性进行了分析,并与正常照度环境速度特性进行了对比。基于Greenshield经典模型,建立了低照度环境下的综合速度预测模型,拟合度达到80.1%。其次,依据前人研究成果以及交通调查结果,分析了环境照度与车辆间距、期望速度、换道率以及随机慢化概率等因素的关系,确定了间距因子、速度因子、换道概率以及随机慢化概率,建立了考虑环境照度因素的交通流元胞自动机模型与换道规则。通过仿真模拟,得到不同环境照度下车辆速度、流量与换道率随密度的变化曲线以及时空图特征,并分析了不同环境照度对交通流的影响。第三,以交叉口视频资料为基础,连续观测与分析不同环境照度下交叉口交通流特性,选取了饱和车头时距、饱和流率以及启动损失时间等为指标,通过对不同低照度环境下交叉口交通流特征的显著性差异分析、数据拟合,得到了不同环境照度下信号交叉口交通流参数变化规律。最后,基于本文研究成果,对快速路速度管理以及信号交叉口配时优化提供了具体建议。
[Abstract]:Environmental illumination is not sufficient, road traffic accidents occur frequently, causing serious disruption to the normal operation of traffic and social economic life. In the city traffic, the traffic flow density, the influence of environmental illumination is more obvious, more dangerous. So, how to pass the city road traffic flow characteristic of low the illumination environment, the corresponding management and control of traffic flow, has a profound theoretical and practical significance to solve the traffic problems in low illumination conditions. Based on the National Natural Science Fund Project "study on the mechanism of change under the road traffic operation characteristics and the impact on traffic safety and environment (No.51308177), according to" research on road traffic flow characteristics under low light environment, mainly including the analysis of city road characteristics, traffic flow characteristics analysis of signal intersection traffic flow analysis and Develop appropriate traffic control measures. Firstly, the position and function of city road are analyzed, the research object of this paper is to determine the carrier of city expressway. According to the Hefei city expressway traffic typical survey results, analysis of the average velocity, different speed and different vehicle lane speed characteristics, and the speed difference are analyzed and compared with the normal illumination speed characteristics. Classic Greenshield model based on the establishment of a comprehensive speed under low light environment prediction model fitting degree reached 80.1%. second, according to the results of previous studies and traffic survey results, analysis of the environmental illumination and the distance between vehicles, the desired speed change rate as well as the relationship between randomization probability and other factors, determine the spacing factor, speed factor, lane changing probability and randomization probability, a cellular automaton model of traffic flow considering the factors of environmental illumination Type and lane changing rules. Through the simulation, vehicle speed under different environmental illumination, flow and lane change rate curve with density and space-time map features, and analyzed the influence of different environmental illumination on the traffic flow. In third, at the intersection of video data, continuous observation and analysis under different environmental illumination intersection traffic flow characteristics, the saturated headway, saturation flow rate and startup lost time as index, significant differences by cross of different low light environment and the characteristic of the traffic flow analysis, data fitting, obtained under different environmental illumination signal intersection traffic flow parameters. Finally, the results of this study based on the speed on the expressway management and intersection signal timing optimization provides specific suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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