基于胎—路相互作用的沥青道路表面纹理损伤研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 11:15

本文关键词：基于胎—路相互作用的沥青道路表面纹理损伤研究　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：抗滑性能是沥青路面设计中需要考虑的重要因素,而合理的沥青道路表面纹理特征是形成路面抗滑性能的主要方面。在通车之后,由于车辆轮胎荷载的摩擦磨损作用,沥青道路表面纹理特征逐渐磨损,导致路面抗滑性能发生衰减。现有研究和规范中,采用摩擦系数来评价路面抗滑能力的好坏,但该指标只能从宏观层面上表现路面抗滑性能的变化,未能揭示路面抗滑能力下降的细观机理。鉴于此,本文以沥青道路表面纹理为研究对象,考虑车辆轮载的压剪组合作用,采用数值模拟和试验的方法从细观层面上探讨轮胎荷载对沥青道路表面纹理的磨损机理。沥青道路表面纹理的复杂性,会增加有限元分析模型建立的难度,导致难以实现数值计算和分析,因此本文首先对沥青道路表面纹理特征进行了研究。通过数字图像处理技术和基于单幅图像的三维重构技术得到沥青道路表面纹理的高度数据,并根据自相似理论,对沥青道路表面纹理的自相似性进行了研究,结果表明沥青道路表面纹理具有自相似特征。在此基础上,对比讨论了表征沥青道路表面纹理特征的统计学参数和分形参数的优缺点,并采用分形维数来表征沥青道路表面纹理特征,用分形维数的变化来反映沥青道路表面纹理随着车辆轮载作用次数的磨损规律。其次,基于沥青道路表面纹理的自相似特性,选取局部微小区域建立了沥青路面粗糙表面的三维力学分析模型,采用车辆轮胎与路面的接触力学分析方法,运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对车辆轮胎与沥青粗糙表面之间的接触应力进行了数值计算,研究了不同轮胎荷载幅值、不同车辆运行工况下AC-13和SMA-13两种沥青路面表面的应力分布情况以及车辆轮胎荷载作用次数对沥青道路表面纹理上应力分布的影响。并以最大剪应力理论作为沥青道路表面纹理损伤磨耗的判据,计算相应的磨耗后的路表分形维数,得到不同条件下沥青道路表面纹理的磨损规律。最后,采用室内试验和实际沥青路面磨损调查的方法,分析了车辆轮胎荷载作用次数对于沥青道路表面纹理磨损的影响。将试验结果与数值模拟计算结果进行对比,发现不同轮胎荷载作用次数下沥青道路表面纹理的磨损变化趋势具有较好的一致性,沥青道路表面纹理分形维数D随轮载作用次数N呈现递减趋势,二者的函数关系表达式为D(N)=A+B×e(-β×N),其中A表示沥青道路表面纹理经过无穷多次磨损后的最终表面分形维数且A0,A与B之和为沥青道路表面初始分形维数值,β为沥青路面分形维数衰减系数且0β1,衰减系数β与车辆荷载大小、温度等相关。
[Abstract]:The anti slide performance are important factors to be considered in design of asphalt pavement, and asphalt road surface texture features reasonable is the main form of skid resistance. In the opening, due to friction and wear load of vehicle tires, characteristics of surface texture of asphalt road wear, resulting in the attenuation of pavement skid resistance and the existing research. The specification, the friction coefficient to evaluate pavement anti slide performance is good or bad, but this index can only change from the macro level on the performance of pavement skid resistance, Mesomechanism failed to reveal the pavement skid resistance decreased. In view of this, based on the asphalt road surface texture as the research object, considering the effect of shear combination of vehicle loads pressure methods, numerical simulation and experimental study on meso wear mechanism of tire load on the asphalt road surface texture level. Complexity of the asphalt road surface texture, will Increase the difficulty of the finite element analysis model is established, which leads to the realization of the numerical calculation and analysis, this paper studied the characteristics of the surface texture of asphalt road. Through digital image processing technology and based on the technology of 3D reconstruction from a single image to get the height data of asphalt road surface texture, and according to the self similarity theory, on the asphalt road surface texture the self similarity is studied, the results showed that the asphalt road surface texture has self similarity. Based on this comparison, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of statistical parameters and fractal parameters characterize the surface texture of asphalt road, and use the fractal dimension to characterize asphalt road surface texture feature with fractal dimension changes to reflect the asphalt road surface with the number of texture wear rules of vehicle loads effect. Secondly, the self similarity of the asphalt road surface texture based on Selection Local micro area analysis model is established for asphalt pavement surface roughness of three-dimensional mechanics, contact mechanics analysis method using vehicle tire and road surface, using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS of the vehicle tire and the asphalt rough surface contact stress between the numerical calculation of different tire load amplitude, different vehicle operating conditions and AC-13 two kinds of SMA-13 asphalt pavement surface and the number of the stress distribution of vehicle tyre loads on the asphalt road surface texture on the stress distribution. And the maximum shear stress theory as the criterion of asphalt road surface texture of wear damage, the calculation of the worn surface fractal dimension, get the wear regularity of surface texture of asphalt road under different conditions. Finally, based on the laboratory test and investigation method of wear pavement asphalt, analysis of the vehicle tire loading times For the effect of asphalt road surface texture of wear. The test results and numerical simulation results were compared and found that the wear trend of surface texture of asphalt road the number of different tire loads have good consistency, asphalt road surface texture fractal dimension D with loading times of N showed a decreasing trend, the function expression of the two D (N) =A+B * e (beta * N), where A denotes the asphalt road surface texture after an infinite number of times after wear of final surface fractal dimension and the A0, A and B and the initial asphalt road surface fractal dimension, the fractal dimension of asphalt pavement for beta 0 and beta 1 attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient with the vehicle load, temperature and so on.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U416.217

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