地基雷达在桥梁微变形监测中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 01:24

本文关键词：地基雷达在桥梁微变形监测中的应用研究　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地基雷达(Ground Based radar,GB-radar)是当今建筑物变形观测领域的一项新型监测设备,它使用微波信号对监测目标非接触式扫描测量,不同于常规的全站仪、水准仪、GPS等单点测量,其一个个的面状扫描单元具有很高的空间分辨率和监测精度,其将步进频率连续波技术和干涉测量技术相结合而构成地面微波干涉雷达系统,获取高精度、高分辨率的变形信息,实现对地面目标的静动态高精度监测。本文研究的地基雷达设备IBIS-S(Image by Interferometric Survey,IBIS)系统是由意大利IDS公司和佛罗伦萨大学经过6年合作研发的仪器,能够对目标物提供连续、全面的监测。IBIS-S主要用于对桥梁、建筑物、高塔等易发生微小变化的物体进行精确的监测,能够得到被测物每部分的位移变化量,分析建筑物或桥梁上每一个点的变形、振动情况。针对该系统在桥梁微变形监测领域的应用,主要研究内容和结论如下：(1)本文首先对IBIS-S系统设备的软硬件组成、设备技术参数及工作原理进行介绍；比较详细的描述了IBIS-S测量基本原理。(2)研究中验证了IBIS-S测量精度,通过实验对IBIS-S系统与传统设备进行对比,在与游标卡尺和全站仪的对比模拟变形实验中,验证其静态测量精度优于±0.1mm。(3)重点研究了IBIS-S在测量中存在的误差,仪器安置、数据计算转换和环境因素对测量结果的影响。通过对仪器前后左右微小移动,得出其在测量目标径向方向上受影响较大,在测量中必须精确安置仪器。在不同环境中实验测量结果受环境影响的误差,找到两种消除IBIS-S环境因素影响的方法：公式改正法和参考基准点修正法,可以消除大部分环境误差影响。测量目标物的距离远近对IBIS-S静态测量结果有很大影响,实验证实,测量目标物的距离在80m范围内,测量精度优于±0.1mm；在200m范围内,测量精度优于±0.23mm;在300m范围内,测量精度优于±0.40mm。(4)本文根据IBIS-S测量数据的特点,对只能单次测量目标变形进行改进,设计了多期数据连接方法,实现不同时期观测数据能够连接,达到长期监测目标变形的目的。通过在高架桥的工程实例,详细说明了该方法的原理和实现步骤。IBIS仪器测量长期变形需固定架设位置长期不动,而实现IBIS多期测量数据的连接,可克服此缺点,提高了仪器的利用率。IBIS静态形变测量精度±0.1mm完全满足桥梁变形监测的要求。
[Abstract]:Ground based radar (Ground Based radar, GB-radar) is a new type of monitoring equipment in building deformation observation field, it uses the microwave signal to monitoring non scanning measurement, different from the conventional total station, level GPS, the single point measurement, a planar scanning unit with high space the resolution and precision of monitoring, the stepped frequency continuous wave technique and interferometric techniques are combined to form a ground-based microwave Interferometric Radar system, obtaining high precision, high resolution deformation information, achieve high-precision monitoring of static and dynamic targets on the ground. This paper studies the ground radar equipment IBIS-S (Image by Interferometric Survey, IBIS) system by the Italy IDS and the University of Florence after the instrument development 6 years of cooperation, to provide continuous monitoring of the object,.IBIS-S is mainly used for comprehensive buildings on the bridge, the tower. Accurate monitoring and prone to small changes of objects can be measured displacement of each part of the content, analysis of a building or bridge on every point of the deformation and vibration. The application of this system in the field of micro deformation monitoring of the bridge, the main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) firstly the hardware and software of IBIS-S system equipment, equipment technical parameters and working principle were introduced; a more detailed description of the basic principle of IBIS-S measurement. (2) study verified the measurement accuracy of IBIS-S, through the experiment on the IBIS-S system and the traditional equipment were compared in comparison with vernier caliper and total station deformation simulation experiment and verify the static measurement accuracy is better than 0.1mm. (3) focuses on the errors existing in the measurement of IBIS-S in instrument placement, data conversion and calculation of influence of environmental factors on the measurement result. Based on the former instrument After about the micro movement, in the measurement of target radial direction influenced by, in the measurement must be accurate placement of instruments. The experimental results in different environment affected by the environment error method to find the effects of two environmental factors: the elimination of IBIS-S correction formula method and reference point correction method can eliminate the influence of most of the environment the error of measurement. The target distance has great influence on static IBIS-S measurement results, the measurement of the target distance in the range of 80m, measurement accuracy is better than 0.1mm; in the range of 200m, the measurement accuracy is better than 0.23mm; in the range of 300m, measurement accuracy is better than 0.40mm. (4) according to the characteristics of IBIS-S measurement data, only a single measurement of object deformation is improved, the design of multi period data connection method, realize the different periods of observation data can be connected, a long period monitoring targets The shape on the viaduct. Through engineering examples, detailed description and implementation steps of.IBIS instrument measuring principle of the method of long-term deformation of fixed location to set up the long-term real, and the realization of IBIS connection multi period measurement data, which can overcome this shortcoming, improve the instrument utilization rate of.IBIS static deformation measurement accuracy of 0.1mm completely to meet the requirements of bridge deformation monitoring.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U446

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