地面常规公交与城市轨道交通接驳研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 22:07

本文关键词：地面常规公交与城市轨道交通接驳研究　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,由于国内各大城市交通拥堵十分严重,许多一、二线城市都在修建城市轨道交通以缓解城市拥堵。城市轨道交通建设初期难以短时间形成交通网络,存在可达性差的缺点。同时,城市轨道交通线路的固定性,不可随意更改,导致其灵活性不强,直达率不高,吸引客流受到局限。因此,利用地面常规公交线路设置灵活,营运成本相对较低,覆盖面广,可达性好等特点,使其与城市轨道交通接驳可以较好的促进公共交通发展,达到缓解城市交通拥堵的作用。本文首先对地面常规公交与城市轨道交通的内涵及特点进行了界定;对比了两者之间的技术特性、服务范围、综合效益等特性;研究了两者之间的协调、竞争机理,线路空间关系,以及功能关系。接着,从接驳站点衔接、线网空间关系方面分析了两种交通形式间的协调机理;分析了接驳系统间乘客交通出行成本组成、出行时间组成,并分别建立了数学模型。而后,从乘客出行需求和公共交通系统两个方面就地面常规公交线网在优化调整过程中的影响因素进行了研究,并从宏观定性和局部定量的角度研究了接驳过程中地面常规公交线网优化调整的原则和方法。最后,建立了基于乘客交通出行时间最短,交通出行费用最小以及营运者营运成本最小的数学优化模型;并对求解模型的常见算法进行了分析对比,选用遗传算法利用MATLAB工具箱对优化问题进行求解;并通过实例进行了分析说明。通过接驳优化能够合理地降低轨道交通沿线地面常规公交线路的重复系数,提高沿线公共交通的通行效率,缓解沿线交通拥堵;同时,提高轨道交通沿线影响范围内乘客出行效率,扩大城市轨道交通的影响范围,改变轨道交通影响范围内乘客出行交通结构,增大轨道交通的分担比例,从根本上起到缓解城市拥堵的作用。
[Abstract]:At present, due to the serious traffic congestion in major cities in China, many first and second tier cities are building urban rail transit to ease urban congestion. It is difficult to form a traffic network in the early stage of urban rail transit construction. At the same time, the fixed nature of urban rail transit lines, can not be changed at will, resulting in its flexibility is not strong, direct rate is not high, attract passenger flow is limited. Using the characteristics of flexible ground routine bus lines, relatively low operating cost, wide coverage, good accessibility and so on, it can better promote the development of public transport. To alleviate the role of urban traffic congestion. Firstly, this paper defines the connotation and characteristics of ground routine public transport and urban rail transit. The technical characteristics, service scope, comprehensive benefit and so on are compared. The coordination mechanism, competition mechanism, line space relationship and function relationship between the two systems are studied. Then, the coordination mechanism between the two traffic forms is analyzed from the connection of the connection stations and the spatial relationship between the two traffic forms. The composition of passenger travel cost and travel time are analyzed, and the mathematical models are established respectively. From the passenger travel demand and the public transportation system, the paper studies the influencing factors of the ground routine bus network in the process of optimization and adjustment. From the macroscopic qualitative and local quantitative point of view, the paper studies the principles and methods of optimizing and adjusting the ground routine bus network in the connection process. Finally, the shortest travel time based on passenger traffic is established. The mathematical optimization model of the minimum travel cost and the minimum operating cost of the operator; The common algorithms for solving the model are analyzed and compared. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem using MATLAB toolbox. Through the analysis of examples, it can reasonably reduce the repetition coefficient of the ground routine bus lines along the rail transit line, improve the efficiency of the public transport along the rail transit line, and alleviate the traffic congestion along the rail transit line. At the same time, improve the passenger travel efficiency along the impact area of rail transit, expand the impact range of urban rail transit, change the passenger travel structure within the impact area of rail transit, increase the share of rail transit. Fundamentally play a role in alleviating urban congestion.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U12

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