基于接送行为的中小学校等待集散空间研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 07:07

本文关键词：基于接送行为的中小学校等待集散空间研究　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市用地密集化发展和城市机动化水平的不断提高,城市交通拥堵问题日益凸显。目前城市交通拥堵的许多方面已经逐渐引起相关学者的重视,并在理论和实践运用方面已经取得了相当不错的成果。然而由于中小学校上下学伴随而来的接送交通流对学校周边交通造成高峰时间的拥堵问题却始终未能得到广泛重视。中小学校上下学接送交通流具有短时集中的特性,并且由于一般中小学学生上下学和城市市民通勤交通在时间上接近甚至重合,因此接送交通流的高峰时间也为城市道路网络中社会车流的高峰时间,这种情况下接送交通流在学校周边造成的交通拥堵会对整个区域的交通网络造成更加严重的瓶颈效应。本文主要研究接送行为特性,定义了接送行为特性的基本概念以及组成要素,分别从接送概率特性、接送方式特性以及接送交通流特性这三个方面分析了影响接送特性的主要因素；在影响因素分析的基础上建立了接送概率的二项logistic模型和接送需求总量模型,并给出了接送概率模型的一般参数赋值方法和建模流程；确定了接送到达率和离去率函数曲线的拟合方法,在此基础上建立了无错时上下学和有错时上下学两种情况下的接送交通流峰值计算模型：基于停车需求预测理论,提出了学校接送集散空间的需求模型以及模型中单位集散空间需求量参数和空间需求折减参数的取值方法,并结合停车空间的设置形式和学校接送的具体情况,提出可行的接送集散空间设置形式：利用vissim软件进行仿真建模,根据仿真的运行情况和输出的延误、行程时间等评价指标,对比集散空间设置前后学校周边道路交叉口以及学校放学接送交通流影响范围内的整个区域的路网性能。本文的研究从理论上分析接送交通流特性,研究成果可以用于新建学校或者改建学校的集散空间设置和设计,通过集散空间的合理供给,有助于将接送交通流对学校周边道路的干扰降至最低,从而减少甚至消除由于上下学接送行为导致的学校周边交通拥堵,提高高峰期城市路网的通行能力。
[Abstract]:With the city land intensive development and city motorization level increasing, city traffic congestion is becoming increasingly prominent. At present many aspects of city traffic congestion has gradually aroused the attention of relevant scholars, and application has made considerable achievements in the theory and practice. However, due to the small school on the school with the shuttle traffic congestion caused by problems in the school peripheral traffic peak time but always failed to get extensive attention. Primary and secondary schools on school shuttle traffic flow has the characteristics of short term focus, and the general school students and city residents commuting traffic close to or even coincide in time, so the peak time of traffic flow for shuttle City Road network in social traffic peak time, this situation caused by the shuttle traffic flow in schools around the traffic congestion on the entire region The network traffic caused by bottleneck effect more serious. This paper mainly studies the transfer behavior, the definition of the shuttle behavior and elements, separately from the characteristics of the probability of shuttle, shuttle shuttle mode characteristics and traffic flow characteristics of the three aspects of the analysis of the main factors which influence the transfer characteristics; based on the analysis of affecting factors a two logistic model transfer probability and the total demand transfer model, and gives the transfer probability model of general parameter assignment method and modeling process; to determine the transfer rate and leave rate of fitting function curve to set up on the basis of the no wrong time and wrong when the school school shuttle the traffic flow peak under two kinds of situations: the theoretical calculation model of parking demand prediction based on the proposed school shuttle distributed space demand model and distribution unit Method of value minus the parameters space demand parameters and space requirements fold, and combining the specific situation of parking space setting and school transport, put forward feasible set space shuttle distribution form: Modeling and simulation using VISSIM software, according to the operating condition simulation and output delay, the evaluation index of travel time and space distribution comparison before and after school peripheral road intersection and school shuttle traffic flow throughout the region within the scope of the network performance. This paper from the theoretical analysis of transfer characteristic of traffic flow, the research results can be used in distributed space layout and design new school or rebuild schools, through the reasonable supply distribution space, will help pick up traffic interference on the roads around the school to a minimum, thereby reducing or even eliminating the shangxiaxue shuttle to the school peripheral traffic behavior Congestion, improve the capacity of urban road network at peak period.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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