路外公共停车场交通组织优化研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 07:38

本文关键词：路外公共停车场交通组织优化研究　出处：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人均汽车保有量的快速增长,城市停车需求急剧增长,停车供需矛盾日益突出,导致这种问题出现的一部分原因就是在既有交通设施供给的条件下,停车设施的功能没有得到充分发挥。因此,本文从停车设施供需问题中的“供”入手,对路外停车场的交通优化组织方法及其仿真评价进行了研究,以期能高效发挥既有设施功能,提高其利用率,降低对周围交通的干扰。论文的主要工作如下:首先,参考国内外对路外公共停车场的研究现状,详细分析了停车场的停车特点及出入口交通运行基本特性,得出停车场交通与城市路段交通联系的基本规律。其次,通过分析交通组织范围的影响因素,确定了路外公共停车场的交通组织范围,并分别从以下几个方面进行了停车场交通组织优化研究:①采用排队论和几何视距三角形法分别对三种典型的路外公共停车场出入口长度进行了优化设计;②分别从功能单一的出口之间的间距和用标线分隔的出入口之间的间距两个方面对超过一定规模的大型停车场出入口理论间距进行确定;③对停车场内部交通组织、外部的车流组织、诱导设施的布设等进行了不同方面的优化。然后,通过分析停车场出入口和交通组织方面的相互关系,在考虑停车场交通系统受多种因素影响的基础上结合vissim仿真软件的评价指标,构建了出入口交通组织优化评价指标体系;利用定量定性分析相结合的方法,将信息熵、隶属函数、复合物元有机地结合起来,建立了基于模糊复合物元的停车场出入口交通组织方案综合评价模型。最后,以兰州市安宁区的停车场为例,通过问卷调查和观测记录方法对其路外公共停车场进行了相关调查和分析;在此基础上,选择了3个出入口与不同等级道路衔接的停车场进行了出入口长度、出入口间距计算,并进行了其它方面的优化;结合vissim交通仿真软件对模型进行了验证,并对建立在不同等级道路的停车场优化方案运用所构建的物元评价模型进行了评价,用定量的数值表达了停车场交通组织方案的评价结果。结果表明:所采取的优化措施在不同等级的道路上都会取得一定的效果,均停车延误有明显的降低,并且在主干路上运用时取得的效果最明显。这说明改进停车场的出入口长度、出入口间距对于提高停车场的利用率,降低周围交通的干扰有一定的作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of per capita car ownership, the urban parking demand increases sharply, and the contradiction between supply and demand of parking becomes more and more prominent. Part of the reason for this problem is under the condition of the existing transportation facilities. The function of parking facilities has not been given full play. Therefore, this paper starts with the "supply" of parking facilities supply and demand, and studies the traffic optimization organization method and its simulation evaluation of off-road parking lot. The main work of this paper is as follows: first of all, referring to the research status of the public parking lot outside the road at home and abroad. The parking characteristics of the parking lot and the basic characteristics of the entrance and exit traffic operation are analyzed in detail, and the basic law of the connection between the parking lot traffic and the urban section traffic is obtained. Secondly, the factors affecting the traffic organization range are analyzed. The traffic organization of the off-road public car park is determined. And from the following several aspects of the parking lot traffic organization optimization research: 1 using the queuing theory and geometric horizon triangle method to three typical off-road public parking entrance length optimization design; (2) to determine the theoretical distance between the entrance and exit of a large parking lot over a certain scale from two aspects: the distance between the single function exits and the distance between the entrance and exit separated by the mark line; (3) the internal traffic organization, the external traffic organization and the layout of the induced facilities are optimized in different aspects. Then, the relationship between the entrance and exit of parking lot and traffic organization is analyzed. On the basis of considering the influence of many factors on the traffic system of parking lot, combined with the evaluation index of vissim simulation software, the evaluation index system of traffic organization optimization of entrance and exit is constructed. Using the method of quantitative qualitative analysis, the information entropy, membership function and complex elements are organically combined. A comprehensive evaluation model of the traffic organization scheme of the parking lot entrance and exit based on fuzzy complex element is established. Finally, the parking lot in Anning District of Lanzhou City is taken as an example. By means of questionnaire survey and observation record, the author has carried on the related investigation and analysis to the public parking lot outside the road. On this basis, three entrances connecting with different grade roads are selected to calculate the length of the entrance and the distance between the entrances and exits, and other aspects of optimization are carried out. The model is validated with vissim traffic simulation software, and the matter element evaluation model based on the optimization scheme of different grade roads is evaluated. The evaluation results of traffic organization scheme of parking lot are expressed by quantitative numerical value. The results show that the optimized measures can achieve certain results in different grades of roads, and the delay of parking is obviously reduced. It shows that improving the length of the entrance and exit and the distance between the entrances and exits can improve the utilization rate of the parking lot and reduce the disturbance of the surrounding traffic.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.7

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