穿越生态敏感区公路建设项目竣工生态环境验收方法实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 21:24

本文关键词：穿越生态敏感区公路建设项目竣工生态环境验收方法实证研究　出处：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建设项目竣工环保验收是项目正式运行前必不可少的环节,旨在对项目竣工后实际存在的环境问题进行调查,对存在的问题提出改进建议,从而为下一步采取的环境保护和管理措施提供科学依据。本文选取具有一定的代表性的穿越自然保护区和地下水饮用水水源保护区的公路项目,通过对工程建设前后两个时段的遥感影像对比和区域植被及野生动物现状调查,运用公路项目竣工生态环境验收方法,科学地判断工程是否可以通过竣工环保验收。研究结果表明,利用"3S"技术开展大范围的验收调查工作是可行、可靠地技术方法,同时通过不同年份高分辨率遥感影像的解译,可以较好的对项目建设前后生态现状进行对比,从而使得生态环境验收工作更加客观公正;尤其对自然保护区的遥感调查,避免了大范围实地调查对保护区的人为扰动,仅需进行适当的实地验证即可,在节省验收成本的同时,可以更加全面客观的反映实际情况。建设项目选址应首选避让自然保护区,在无法避让的情况下应采取严格的生态保护与恢复措施以使得对保护区的影响降至最低程度;在生态保护与恢复措施上应注重与保护区实际相结合,防止外来生物入侵;在大、中桥桥面尤其是地下水水源保护区内的桥面要设置地表径流集中收集管道,并设置事故池,防止危化品泄漏造成对水质的污染。
[Abstract]:Environmental acceptance is an essential link before the completion of the project. It aims to investigate the actual environmental problems after the completion of the project and put forward suggestions for improvement of the existing problems. In order to provide a scientific basis for the next step of environmental protection and management measures. This paper selects some representative highway projects through nature reserves and groundwater drinking water source protection areas. By comparing the remote sensing images before and after the construction of the project and investigating the status of regional vegetation and wildlife, the method of ecological environment acceptance for the completion of highway project is used. The results show that it is feasible and reliable to use "3s" technology to carry out a wide range of acceptance investigation work. At the same time, through the interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing images in different years, the ecological status before and after the project construction can be compared better, thus making the ecological environment acceptance work more objective and fair; Especially the remote sensing survey of the nature reserve avoids the artificial disturbance caused by the large-scale field survey and only needs to carry out appropriate field verification to save the acceptance cost at the same time. More comprehensive and objective reflection of the actual situation. Construction project location should be the first choice to avoid nature reserves. Strict ecological protection and restoration measures should be taken to minimize the impact on protected areas when there is no way to avoid them; In ecological protection and restoration measures should pay attention to the actual combination with the protected areas to prevent the invasion of alien organisms; In order to prevent the pollution of water quality caused by the leakage of dangerous chemicals, the surface runoff collection pipeline should be set up on the bridge deck of large and medium bridge, especially in the groundwater source protection area, and the accident pool should be set up.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X322;U415.12

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