抗冻透水混凝土研制及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 02:10

本文关键词：抗冻透水混凝土研制及其性能研究　出处：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的加快,水泥混凝土路面大面积铺设,透水性地面面积逐渐缩小,这对生态环境带来了许多不利,面对日趋严重的水资源短缺以及环境问题,生态混凝土的应用更加符合生态文明建设的要求,对改善城市生态环境,实现水的循环利用有着重要意义。本文以抗冻透水混凝土为研究对象,在课题组前期的研究基础之上,针对透水混凝土现存的强度以及抗冻性能不足等方面进行了研究,通过添加合成纤维以及添加剂,对透水混凝土进行了力学性能、抗冻性能、透水性能以及抗冲击性能等方面的研究。采用物理试验与理论分析的方法,从混凝土的宏观性能和微观破坏机理等角度探讨了各种外掺材料对透水混凝土性能的影响规律,为透水混凝土在更广范围内的推广应用提供了理论依据。首先,通过查阅参考文献对透水混凝土进行整体的认识,了解目前国内外对透水混凝土的研究方法,确定各外掺材料的大致范围,并依据研究方向选取了衡量透水混凝土工作性能的评价指标。其次,选取水灰比、目标孔隙率、塑钢纤维掺量、聚丙烯腈纤维掺量四个控制因素,首先进行了水灰比的单因素研究,通过对试验结果的分析,确定了在保证良好强度和透水率下水灰比的大致范围,在确定了水灰比的大致范围后,在此水灰比的基础之上分别进行了塑钢纤维与聚丙烯腈纤维的单掺试验,通过分析试验结果,确定了塑钢纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维掺量的大致范围。然后,在以上单因素试验所得结果的基础上进行透水混凝土配合比优化正交试验,确定出透水混凝土的基础配比,并对其进行优化。通过对正交试验结果的分析,确定四个因素对透水混凝土抗压强度、抗折强度、透水系数以及抗冻性能的影响次序,分析试验结果得到透水混凝土的基础配比,在基础配比的基础之上进行了基础配合比的优化并测量了优化后各项性能指标,得到最优配比。最后,在最优配比的基础之上制作透水混凝土试件进行抗冲击试验,测得了在不同工况下透水混凝土的抗冲击性能,分析了外掺材料对透水混凝土抗冲击性能的影响,探究透水混凝土的破坏机理,为透水混凝土的工程应用提供了理论依据。通过试验研究得到以下结论:透水混凝土的水灰比与强度之间的关系不同于普通透水混凝土,在综合协调水灰比、强度、孔隙率与透水系数的关系后确定了最佳水灰比;确定了塑钢纤维的最优掺量,得出适宜掺量的塑钢纤维能够提高透水混凝土的力学、抗冻以及抗冲击性能,尤其对抗折性能以及抗冻性能提高影响显著,试验结果表明掺加纤维后透水混凝土强度提高了约30%,抗冻性能提高了55%,抗冲击性能提高了60%;试验所采用的纤维、胶粉与砂子复合增强的方法提高了透水混凝土的抗冻性能,为其在北方寒冷地区的推广创造了条件。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization, cement concrete pavement is laid in a large area, and the permeable surface area is gradually reduced, which brings many disadvantages to the ecological environment, facing the increasingly serious shortage of water resources and environmental problems. The application of ecological concrete is more in line with the requirements of ecological civilization construction. It is of great significance to improve the urban ecological environment and realize the recycling of water. Based on the previous research of our group, the existing strength and frost resistance of permeable concrete were studied, through adding synthetic fiber and additives. The mechanical properties, freezing resistance, water permeability and impact resistance of pervious concrete were studied. The physical test and theoretical analysis were used. In this paper, the effects of various admixtures on the performance of permeable concrete are discussed from the point of view of macroscopic properties and microscopic failure mechanism of concrete, which provides a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of permeable concrete in a wider range. Through consulting references to the whole understanding of permeable concrete, understand the current research methods of permeable concrete at home and abroad, determine the general range of the admixture materials. And according to the research direction selected to evaluate the performance of pervious concrete evaluation index. Secondly, select the water-cement ratio, the target porosity, plastic steel fiber content, polyacrylonitrile fiber content four control factors. First, the single factor study of water-cement ratio is carried out. Through the analysis of the test results, the approximate range of water-cement ratio is determined in order to ensure good strength and permeability, and the approximate range of water-cement ratio is determined. On the basis of the water-cement ratio, the single mixing test of plastic-steel fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber was carried out, and the approximate range of the content of plastic-steel fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber was determined by analyzing the test results. On the basis of the results obtained from the single factor test above, the orthogonal test is carried out to optimize the mixture ratio of permeable concrete, to determine the basic ratio of permeable concrete, and to optimize the mixture ratio of permeable concrete. Through the analysis of the results of orthogonal test. The influence order of four factors on the compressive strength, flexural strength, water permeability coefficient and frost resistance of permeable concrete is determined, and the basic ratio of permeable concrete is obtained by analyzing the test results. On the basis of the base ratio, the optimization of the basic mix ratio was carried out, and the optimized performance indexes were measured. Finally, the optimal ratio was obtained. On the basis of the optimum ratio, the impact resistance of permeable concrete was tested, and the impact resistance of permeable concrete under different working conditions was measured, and the effect of admixture on the impact resistance of permeable concrete was analyzed. The failure mechanism of permeable concrete is discussed. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the engineering application of permeable concrete. Through the experimental study, the following conclusions are drawn: the relationship between water-cement ratio and strength of permeable concrete is different from that of ordinary permeable concrete, and the water-cement ratio is coordinated in a comprehensive way. The optimum water-cement ratio is determined by the relationship among strength, porosity and permeability coefficient. The optimum content of plastic-steel fiber is determined, and it is concluded that the optimum content of plastic-steel fiber can improve the mechanics, frost resistance and impact resistance of water-permeable concrete, especially the anti-flexural property and the anti-freezing property. The test results show that the strength of pervious concrete with fiber is increased by about 30%, the frost resistance is increased by 55%, and the impact resistance is improved by 60%. The composite reinforcing method of fiber, rubber powder and sand has improved the frost resistance of permeable concrete and created conditions for its popularization in the cold area of northern China.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U414

【参考文献】