高速公路防连环撞预警装置设计

发布时间：2018-01-19 15:18

本文关键词： 二次事故加速度无线定位路段匹配　出处：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速公路汽车连环撞击事故居世界各国高速公路事故之首,具有连环追尾碰撞事故多,易造成交通堵塞或中断,人员损失大、伤亡惨重,易引发火灾、“二次事故”,救援难度大的特点。如何减少高速公路连环撞击事件的发生更是国内外智能交通发展的焦点问题。目前国内外智能交通的发展主要侧重在主动避让方面,诸如车车通信,车路通信,车速检测,车距检测,周期性网络广播等,旨在为驾驶员争取足够的时间,采取相应措施,避免首次事故的发生。一旦事故已经发生,这样的提醒已经不能够给驾驶员足够的反应时间,尤其是当能见度较低,如夜间或雾霾天气等情况下,更容易造成连环撞车事故。本文将加速度采集,GPS车辆定位,路段匹配,无线通信技术相结合,旨在设计一款能够在能见度低的情况下,有效预防二次事故的预警装置。采用超低功耗MSP430单片机作为CPU控制模块,实时监测车辆的加速度和速度信息,准确进行事故判断;准确定位车辆的位置,经度,纬度,时间等信息;事故发生后,实时传送数据,在通信有效范围内的车辆间进行通信;路段匹配,监测到车辆可能发生连环撞击时自动报警。为了提高车祸判定的准确度和可靠度,本文采用剧烈变化的加速度作为车祸判定的重要参数之一,将其引入高速公路车载防连环撞预警装置。通过改良加速度传感器外围电路,有效提高加速度信号的“信噪比”。大大提高了测量数据的可靠性,更加有利于防连环撞预警平台的前期车祸判定。由于首次事故后,事故车辆可能对同向后方行驶的车辆造成影响。采用GPS全球定位系统与路段匹配算法相结合,能够准确进行同向前后车判断,有效提高了预警的准确性。能为驾驶员争取一定的时间,采取相应措施避免连环撞击事件,对降低二次事故的发生率起到重要作用。
[Abstract]:The expressway automobile serial impact accident ranks first among the expressway accidents in the world, which has many serial rear-end collision accidents, which is easy to cause traffic jam or interruption, heavy loss of personnel, heavy casualties, and easily lead to fire. "second accident". Rescue difficult characteristics. How to reduce the occurrence of highway impact incidents is the focus of the development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad. At present, the development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad is mainly focused on active avoidance. Such as vehicle-vehicle communication, vehicle-road communication, vehicle speed detection, vehicle distance detection, periodic network broadcasting and so on, in order to buy enough time for drivers to take appropriate measures. Avoid the first accident. Once the accident has occurred, such a warning can no longer give the driver sufficient response time, especially when visibility is low, such as night or haze weather. This paper combines acceleration acquisition GPS vehicle positioning, road section matching and wireless communication technology to design a model that can be used in the case of low visibility. The ultra-low power MSP430 single chip microcomputer is used as the CPU control module to monitor the acceleration and speed information of the vehicle in real time and to judge the accident accurately. Accurate location of vehicle position, longitude, latitude, time and other information; After the accident happens, the data is transmitted in real time, and the communication is carried out among the vehicles within the effective range of communication. In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the car accident determination, this paper uses the sharply varying acceleration as one of the important parameters of the car accident determination. By improving the peripheral circuit of acceleration sensor, the signal-to-noise ratio of acceleration signal is improved effectively, and the reliability of measurement data is greatly improved. More conducive to the prevention of chain collision warning platform of the pre-accident judgment. Due to the first accident. The accident vehicle may have an impact on the vehicle driving in the same direction. The combination of GPS global positioning system and the road section matching algorithm can accurately judge the same direction forward and rear vehicles. It can effectively improve the accuracy of early warning, buy a certain time for the driver, take corresponding measures to avoid serial collision events, and play an important role in reducing the incidence of secondary accidents.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495

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