换相提示对交叉口交通特性和通行能力的影响

发布时间：2018-01-21 01:35

本文关键词： 换相提示启动反应时间冰雪路面通行能力仿真　出处：《东北林业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信号换相提示装置在我国许多城市的交叉口得到了应用,其中倒计时表最为常用。但国内对倒计时信号灯的作用和效果认识不一,对于这些装置对交叉口交通运行安全和效率的影响存在分歧。论文从交通心理、运行效率、安全性等方面,对信号交叉口换相提示的影响进行了研究。通过问卷调查,分类调查安装倒计时装置的支持率和驾驶人在倒计时信号灯交叉口心理预期行为；基于视频数据,按照路面条件和交叉口相位控制方式,分类提取不同换相提示方式下驾驶人启动反应时间、车头时距、黄灯期间交织区车辆滞留率和闯红灯率等参数,运用SPSS中的T检验方法获取运行参数,对倒计时信号的影响进行显著性分析,验证倒计时表的有效性；应用VISSIM仿真软件,对不同换相提示方式下交通特性进行仿真对比分析。研究结果表明,倒计时换相提示装置显著降低驾驶人启动反应时间,提前了车队达到饱和车头时距的时间,提高了交叉口的运行效率；但增加了黄灯期间交织区车辆滞留率和闯红灯率,对交叉口交通安全可能具有一定潜在的负面影响；仿真分析结果显示,相较于闪烁信号灯,安装倒计时信号灯的交叉口,车辆行程时间降低了11.63s、延误时间降低了19.05%,排队车辆长度降低了12.58m,可能通行能力提高了2310pcu/h；81.8%的汽车驾驶人支持设立信号倒计时装置；当红灯剩余时间超过31s时,关闭发动机可降低污染物排放,超过72s时,关闭发动机可降低燃油消耗。
[Abstract]:Signal commutation device has been used in many intersections of cities in China, among which countdown time meter is the most commonly used. However, the function and effect of countdown signal lamp are different in our country. The influence of these devices on traffic safety and efficiency at intersections is different. This paper discusses traffic psychology, operation efficiency, safety and so on. The influence of commutative cues on signalized intersections is studied. By means of questionnaire survey, the support rate of countdown devices and the psychological expectation behavior of drivers at countdown signal intersections are investigated. Based on the video data, according to the road conditions and intersections phase control mode, the driver start reaction time and the headway time are extracted in different commutation mode. The parameters such as vehicle retention rate and red light running rate in the interlaced area during the yellow light period are obtained by using the T test method in SPSS. The significance of the influence of countdown signal is analyzed to verify the validity of the countdown table. The traffic characteristics under different commutation modes are simulated and analyzed by using VISSIM simulation software. The results show that the countdown commutative device can significantly reduce the driver's start-up reaction time. The time when the motorcade reaches the saturated front distance is advanced, and the running efficiency of the intersection is improved. However, it increases the vehicle retention rate and red light rate in the interlaced area during the yellow light period, which may have a certain potential negative impact on the traffic safety at the intersection. The simulation results show that the vehicle travel time is reduced by 11.63s and the delay time is reduced by 19.05% compared with the intersection where the flashing signal is installed and the countdown signal is installed. The queue length was reduced by 12.58m, and the possible capacity was increased by 2310pcu-h. 81.8% of vehicle drivers support the establishment of signal countdown devices; When the remaining time of red light exceeds 31s, the emission of pollutants can be reduced when the engine is closed, and the fuel consumption can be reduced when the engine is shut off for more than 72s.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.23

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