深埋富水隧道限量排水技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 05:49

本文关键词： 深埋富水隧道限量排水渗流外水压力　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着铁路公路等基础设施建设的主战场向中西部转移,中西部复杂的地理地貌,使整条线路中桥隧比例大幅攀升,修建的隧道也越来越长,其中穿越岩溶富水区遇到大涌水高水压等地质灾害问题极为普遍,对防排水的处理显得越发重要。在以往大量的工程实践中,为确保隧道结构的安全,减小地下水对衬砌结构的外水压力,往往采取“以排为主”的排水原则处理,随着时间的发展,这种大规模的排水处理,不仅浪费水资源,打破隧道所穿越区域的水资源平衡,出现地下水位不同程度的降低,影响周围居民的生产生活用水,“以堵为主,限量排水”的防排水原则呼声越来越高,这就需要进一步的完善限量排水技术。本文以中南部铁路通道(运煤专线)的控制性工程太行山隧道为依托,通过建立深埋富水隧道渗流模型,推导了外水压力、涌水量、注浆圈渗透系数、注浆厚度、静止水头等众多变量间的函数关系,同时结合太行山隧道水文地质参数展开相关变量间关系讨论,制定了限量排水措施的技术流程。并将研究成果运用于太行山,从设计排水量,到通过ansys数值模拟得出结构可接受的外水压力,制定注浆圈的渗透系数参数和注浆圈厚度,并考虑运营期耐久性的影响制定了抗水压衬砌,完整展示了“限量排水”技术过程。通过实地对断面结构、外水压力、以及涌水量的监控量测,来检验原限量排水措施的效果,主要结论及成果如下：(1)研究涌水量与注浆圈关系发现,注浆圈渗透系数越小,注浆圈厚度t越厚,隧道涌水量越小。所以可通过控制注浆圈的注浆厚度和渗透系数来达到控制涌水量的目的,但需结合具体工程的地质参数制定注浆圈参数。以太行山隧道为例,注浆圈厚度t≥6m,增加注浆圈厚度来降低涌水量效果已不明显；注浆圈厚度t≤3m时,降低注浆圈渗透系数对减小隧道涌水量效果显著,但围岩渗透系数与注浆圈渗透系数比n≥40时,想通过降低注浆圈渗透系数来减小涌水量效果也不明显。所以注浆圈厚度和渗透系数存在一合理区间,同时得结合工程造价来考虑注浆参数变化。(2)研究外水压力与注浆圈关系发现,隧道排水能力一定的情况下,注浆圈渗透系数越小,注浆圈厚度t越厚,衬砌背后的外水压力越小,所以帷幕注浆圈不仅可以起堵水作用,还可以降水压。(3)在研究外水压力与排水量关系时发现,围岩注浆圈的渗透系数一定时,衬砌外水压力与排水量Q之间成线性关系,排水能力越强,衬砌背后的外水压力越小,当排水量Q足够大时,可以将衬砌背后积聚的水全部排出,使外水压力降为0：当排水量Q一定时,注浆圈渗透系数越小,衬砌外水压力越小。但当排水量Q为0时,即小设置排水系统时,无论注浆圈的渗透系数多小,衬砌背后水压H1将达到原始的静止水头H,可见想通过注浆圈参数来调控衬砌外水压力必须结合隧道排水,否则起不到降外水压力作用。(4)考虑到在隧道生命周期,耐久性的影响,衬砌背后部分排水系统可能导致阻塞,从而积聚在衬砌背后的水无法完全排出而产生水压。所以必须对排水系统部分失效加以考虑,设置抗水压衬砌作为安全储备。具体水压荷载值的制定需结合断面结构。
[Abstract]:As the main battlefield of rail and road infrastructure construction to the Midwest, Midwest complex topography, the whole route bridge and tunnel construction of the tunnel proportion rose sharply, more and more long, which through the Karst Zone encountered serious water high water pressure and other geological disasters are extremely common, more important is to prevent drainage treatment. In the past a lot of engineering practice, in order to ensure the security of the tunnel structure, reduce the water pressure on the lining structure of the groundwater, they often take the principle of the drainage treatment to drainage ", with the development of time, this kind of large-scale water treatment, not only a waste of water resources, the balance of water resources to break through regional tunnel. There different underground water level decrease, affect the surrounding residents production and living water," block based, limited drainage and drainage principle is increasing, which needs to Perfect step limited drainage technology. This paper takes South Central Railway (coal line) the control project of Taihang Mountain tunnel for example, through the establishment of a deep buried tunnel in rich water seepage model, water inflow is external water pressure, grouting GROUTING thickness, permeability coefficient, static head and other function relationship between the variables, at the same time combined with the geological parameters of Taihang Mountain tunnel related variables between hydrological discussion, the establishment of technical process of limited drainage measures. The research results will be used in Taihang Mountain, from the design of the drainage volume, to get through the ANSYS numerical simulation structure acceptable water pressure, make the permeability coefficient and parameters of grouting circle thickness of grouting circle, and considering the effects of during the operation of the durability of the formulated lining against water pressure, complete show "limited drainage technology process. Through the field of the section structure, water pressure, and water inflow volume monitoring Test, to test the original limited drainage measures, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) study on the relationship between water and Chung grouting circle, the smaller the permeability of grouting circle, grouting circle thickness t the thickness of tunnel water inflow is small. So the Grouting grouting circle thickness control and penetration coefficient to achieve control of water inflow, it should be combined with the specific engineering geological parameters for grouting circle parameters. Taking Taihang Mountain tunnel as an example, grouting circle thickness t is larger than 6m, increasing the thickness of the grouting circle to reduce the inflow of water had no significant effect; grouting circle thickness t less than 3m, reduce the permeability of grouting circle to reduce tunnel water inflow the effect is significant, but the surrounding rock permeability coefficient and permeability coefficient of grouting circle than when n is greater than 40, to reduce the coefficient of permeability of grouting circle to reduce the water inflow effect is not obvious. So the grouting circle thickness and permeability coefficient has a reasonable interval, at the same time to work with To consider the cost of grouting parameters change. (2) found on the external water pressure and grouting, tunnel drainage capacity under certain conditions, the smaller the permeability of grouting circle, grouting circle thickness t more thick, behind the lining external water pressure is small, so the curtain grouting circle can not only play the role of water plugging, but also precipitation press. (3) found in the study of the relationship between water pressure and displacement, the permeability coefficient of surrounding rock grouting circle are given, the linear relationship between the water pressure of lining and displacement of Q, the drainage capacity of more strong, behind the lining external water pressure is small, when the displacement of Q is large enough, can be all behind the lining up the water is discharged, the external water pressure is reduced to 0 when the displacement of a certain Q, the smaller the permeability of grouting circle and lining external water pressure is small. But when the drainage amount of Q is 0, which is a small set of drainage systems, both the permeability of grouting circle with small, behind the lining water The pressure will reach H1 static head H original, visible to grouting circle parameters to control the external water pressure on the lining must be combined with the tunnel drainage, otherwise not to drop water pressure. (4) considering the life cycle in the tunnel, influence the durability of lining part of drainage system can cause obstruction, which accumulate in the lining behind the water can not be discharged completely and cause pressure. So it must be taken into account for the drainage system failure, setting lining against water pressure as a safety margin. The specific load value formulation should be combined with the section structure.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U453.6

【参考文献】