基于服务可获性的公共交通规划指标研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 19:44

本文关键词： 公交优先服务可获性规划指标以人为本　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为城市综合交通体系的重要子系统,公共交通系统的科学构架与良性发展,对于协调体系内其他子系统,以及促进城市集约、绿色、可持续发展具有重要作用。但以往的公共交通规划常常“就公交论公交”,忽视了“以人为本”的发展理念以及公交对引导城市发展的作用。因此,如何以“公交优先”的内涵为导向,合理科学地提出公共交通规划指标,形成对规划的引导十分重要。本文首先基于人口、用地规模、城市空间形态、居民出行特征等要素,通过统计分析,总结不同类型城市的宏观出行需求。以宏观需求作为基础,提出不同城市的公共交通系统的功能定位及构架模式,并立足于公交服务对象,从服务可获性切入,提出各类城市公共交通发展的控制目标——公共交通单程出行最大时耗。在战略层面的控制指标——公共交通单程出行最大时耗的导向下,本文从选取指标的原因、指标的确定方法两个方面,对空间可获性及时间可获性的规划指标进行了研究。空间可获性指标侧重研究与公共交通“最后一公里”接驳相关的规划要求,提出了公交线网道路覆盖率、服务基元覆盖率和基于服务基元的公共汽(电)车首末站配建标准3个新指标,并针对不同交通分区提出了指标建议值；时间可获性指标侧重研究公共交通服务过程中影响总体出行时耗的指标,通过对线路进行分级,提出影响车内时间、等车时间和换乘时间的不同层级线路的站间距、公交专用道覆盖率及发车间隔3个指标。本文的研究成果体现了“公交优先”的科学内涵,对推进“以人为本”的公共交通规划具有一定的导向意义。
[Abstract]:As an important subsystem of city comprehensive transportation system, build scientific and healthy development of the public transport system for the coordination of the system of other subsystems, and promote the city intensive, green, plays an important role in sustainable development. But in the past the public traffic planning often "bus on bus", ignore the role of "people-oriented" development philosophy the bus and to guide the development of the city. Therefore, how to connotation of "bus priority" as a guide, put forward public traffic planning index reasonably, the formation of planning guidance is very important. Based on population, land use scale, city space form, residents travel characteristics and other factors, through statistical analysis, summed up the different types of the city's macro travel demand. To the macro demand as the basis, put forward the function orientation and mode of public transportation system in different city, and based on the bus From the service object, service availability can be cut, put forward all kinds of city public transportation development control objectives of public transport travel time. The maximum one-way control of public transport travel strategic index one-way maximum consumption oriented, this paper selects the reasons from the two aspects of indicators, the method of determining index, the space can be by the time and can obtain the index of planning is studied. Space availability index focuses on public transportation and the "last mile" access requirements related to the planning, put forward the road transit network coverage, service primitives coverage and service primitives based on public steam (electric) cars at the end of the first station with the construction of a standard 3 new indicators, and for different traffic zones proposed index value; effect of total travel time availability index focuses on the study of public transport services in the process of consumption index, based on the line The influence of grading, car time, different levels of line waiting time and transfer time of the distance between stations, 3 indicators of bus lane coverage and departure interval. The research results of this paper embodies the scientific connotation of "bus priority", to certain has the guiding significance for promoting the public to people-oriented "planning.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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