高温丁苯胶乳的合成与改性乳化沥青的制备研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 10:50

  本文关键词： 丁苯胶乳 核壳丁苯胶乳 羧基丁苯胶乳 改性乳化沥青　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展、科技的进步,我国的公路建设飞速发展,其中高等级公路通车里程逐年增加,已接近12万公里。与此同时大交通流量和重载交通对路面的损坏愈发严重。大量的研究表明,现在最有效、最经济的维修养护手段就是改性乳化沥青稀浆封层技术,具有节省能源/资源、保护环境、改善施工条件、快开放交通等优点。改性乳化沥青由基质沥青、乳化剂和改性剂共同组成,然而改性剂是起决定作用的,实际应用中以美德维实伟克阳离子丁苯胶乳为代表,其能较好的改善沥青的高温和低温性能。经过对改性机理的分析,本文以苯乙烯、丁二烯为共聚单体,通过热法乳聚合成了高温丁苯胶乳；并通过控制投料的顺序与间隔时间,获得了核壳结构的丁苯胶乳；为了提高胶乳的粘接性能和机械稳定性,通过添加羧基单体(丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯)合成了羧基丁苯胶乳。实验中研究了反应温度、反应时间、单体配比、乳化剂的用量、羧基单体的用量等对胶乳性能产生影响的因素。实验结果表明,反应温度60℃、反应12h、St：Bd=25：75、单体：水=1：1、以过硫酸钾为引发剂,以1.5份硬脂酸钠(质量份)与4.0份歧化松香酸钾复配溶液为乳化剂,得到的胶乳的综合性能较好。用阴离子胶乳制备了阴离子改性乳化沥青,研究并确定了制备工艺：油水比60：40；阴离子乳化剂用量为总量的2%；乳化时胶乳温度60℃～70℃,沥青130℃～140℃；胶乳在乳化机中3000r/min,乳化1mmin；加入热沥青后,5000r/min乳化5mmin。近年来,随着对改性乳化沥青研究的深入,发现阳离子沥青乳化剂比阴离子乳化剂制备的改性乳化沥青的综合性能更好,实验室试用了两种阳离子乳化剂对胶乳进行电性调整,实验结果表明：美德维实伟克阳离子乳化剂MQK与阴离子胶乳的配伍性较1831要好。以MQK制备的改性乳化沥青的乳液均匀、稳定,其蒸发残留物的三大指标均符合使用要求。当胶乳用量为3%时,所有胶乳的改性数据都接近技术要求,其中1227批次的胶乳与维实伟克胶乳更接近,它的用量为5%时,软化点超过60℃,显著的改善了沥青的高温性能。对改性乳化沥青蒸发残留物的断面进行扫描电镜分析,结果表明丁苯胶乳与基质沥青的分散性、相容性较好。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the highway construction in our country is developing rapidly, in which the mileage of high grade highway is increasing year by year. It is close to 120,000 kilometers. At the same time, the damage to pavement caused by heavy traffic and heavy traffic is becoming more and more serious. A lot of research shows that the most effective and economical maintenance and maintenance method is modified emulsified asphalt slurry sealing technology. The modified emulsified asphalt is composed of matrix asphalt, emulsifier and modifier, but the modifier plays a decisive role. In practical application, Devisivek cationic butadiene latex was used as a representative, which could improve the high and low temperature properties of asphalt. Through the analysis of modification mechanism, styrene and butadiene were used as copolymerization monomers. The high temperature styrene butadiene latex was polymerized by thermal emulsion, and the core-shell structure butadiene latex was obtained by controlling the feeding sequence and interval, in order to improve the adhesive property and mechanical stability of the latex, Carboxyl butadiene latex was synthesized by adding carboxyl monomer (acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate). The reaction temperature, reaction time, monomer ratio and the amount of emulsifier were studied. The experimental results show that the reaction temperature is 60 鈩，

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