基于计划行为理论的出行方式选择研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 02:55

本文关键词： 出行方式选择计划行为理论问卷设计结构方程模型　出处：《山东理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国城市化水平不断提高的同时,交通拥堵及由此引发的环境污染等城市交通问题愈发严重。尽管近些年政府已将道路基础设施建设和交通系统管理并重,但由于交通供需矛盾未得到根本化解,城市交通问题仍未得到合理解决,由此,出行需求管理被引入并逐渐受到重视。立足于出行需求管理理念,研究居民的出行方式选择行为,探究其选择的心理机制,对科学制定和有效实施出行需求管理策略、进而实现从源头上引导居民合理出行以优化出行结构有重要意义。本文结合传统的出行方式选择影响因素,在深入分析居民出行需求心理、出行方式选择行为心理的基础上,针对公交车、私家车、(电动)自行车和步行四种方式,应用计划行为理论提出研究假设和构建选择模型;以细化变量为导向,设计了测量每一方式对应计划行为理论变量的相关问卷,并对淄博市张店区居民实施调查;利用调查数据,通过SPSS分析信度、效度,以及AMOS进行结构方程模型分析以验证、修正模型,最终确定模型。结果显示,所设计问卷的信度和效度满足进一步分析要求,所构建模型的适配度在修正后达到良好;各方式模型中,主观规范对行为意向的路径系数均最小,且在私家车模型中为负值;各方式模型中,行为态度、知觉行为控制对行为意向的路径系数均为正值。根据研究结果,可得到以下结论:计划行为理论能够良好地解释国内城市居民对常见出行方式的选择意向,且经过细化测量变量后模型解释率较高;公交车为主的居民其选择意向受行为态度的影响最大;知觉行为控制对自行车和步行为主的居民的选择意向影响最大;源自重要他人影响的主观规范在四种方式中影响均不如前述两个变量,尤其对于私家车为主的居民,主观规范会小程度地弱化其选择的意向。根据研究结论,分别就行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制方面,针对各方式特点从理论角度向交通决策者提供管理建议。
[Abstract]:As China's urbanization continues to rise, urban traffic problems, such as traffic congestion and the resulting environmental pollution, have become more serious, although in recent years the government has put equal emphasis on road infrastructure construction and traffic system management. However, since the contradiction between supply and demand has not been fundamentally resolved and the urban traffic problem has not been solved reasonably, therefore, the travel demand management has been introduced and gradually paid attention to, based on the concept of travel demand management. This paper studies the behavior of residents' travel choice, explores the psychological mechanism of their choice, and scientifically formulates and effectively implements the travel demand management strategy. It is of great significance to guide residents to travel reasonably and optimize the travel structure from the source. Combined with the traditional factors of travel mode selection, this paper deeply analyzes the residents' travel demand psychology and travel mode choice behavior psychology. Aiming at the four modes of bus, private car bicycle and walking, this paper puts forward the research hypotheses and builds the selection model by applying the theory of planned behavior, which is guided by the detailed variables. A questionnaire was designed to measure the theoretical variables of plan behavior in every way, and the residents of Zhangdian District in Zibo City were investigated, and the reliability, validity and AMOS were analyzed by SPSS to verify the reliability, validity and AMOS. The results show that the reliability and validity of the designed questionnaire meet the requirements of further analysis, and the fitness of the constructed model is good after the modification. The path coefficients of subjective norm to behavior intention are the smallest and negative in the private car model, and the path coefficients of behavior attitude and perceptual behavior control to behavior intention are all positive in each mode model. The following conclusions can be obtained: the theory of planning behavior can explain the choice intention of the common travel mode of the domestic urban residents well, and the interpretation rate of the model is higher after the measurement variables are refined; The choice intention of the residents who are mainly on the bus is most affected by the behavior attitude, and the perceptual behavior control has the greatest influence on the choice intention of the residents who are mainly bicycle and walking. Subjective norms derived from the influence of important others have less influence than the two variables mentioned above in four ways. Especially for private car residents, subjective norms weaken their choice intention to a lesser extent. Subjective norms, perceptual behavior control, according to the characteristics of each way from a theoretical point of view to provide traffic decision makers with management advice.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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