公交车驾驶员安全驾驶视觉特性研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 06:08

本文关键词： 公交驾驶员驾驶行为视觉特性头部转动　出处：《青岛理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市化和机动化的高速发展,城市人口不断增加,对城市公交的需求日益加大。同时,道路交通流量不断增加,城市公交车的安全性则越来越受到人们的关注。经研究表明,驾驶员是引发道路交通事故的首要因素,因此从公交车驾驶员着手研究其驾驶行为的安全性,对于公交车安全运行及城市交通发展有着重要的意义。公交车驾驶员作为其驾驶行为的主要参与者,主要通过视觉来获取信息,从而进行一系列的驾驶操纵行为。而在不同的道路交通环境下,公交车驾驶员的视觉特性变化也是不同的。本文在对驾驶员视觉特性相关理论分析的基础上,着重研究了公交车驾驶员驾驶行为与视觉特性的关系与规律。通过设计公交车驾驶员实车试验,利用眼动仪来获取公交车驾驶员行驶过程中的视觉特性参数,并对公交车驾驶员的视觉注视时间、眨眼频率、眨眼持续时间、头部转动角度等参数进行了分析,得到了其与公交车驾驶员安全驾驶行为关系的理论。试验数据分析表明,在不同的道路交通环境下,驾驶员视觉注视时间占总视觉时间的主导地位,且随着道路交通环境的复杂,驾驶员视觉注视时间不断增加。同时,随着道路环境的越来越复杂,公交车驾驶员的眨眼频率不断增加,眨眼持续时间不断降低,说明公交车驾驶员在复杂情况下有精神高度紧张、注意力集中的表现。对于公交车驾驶员头部转动角度的分析得到,不同道路环境下公交车驾驶员头部转动角度也不同,且道路环境越复杂,公交车驾驶员头部转动角度越大。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization and motorization, the urban population is increasing and the demand for urban public transportation is increasing. People pay more and more attention to the safety of urban buses. The study shows that drivers are the primary factors causing road traffic accidents, so the safety of their driving behavior is studied from bus drivers. It is of great significance for the safe operation of buses and the development of urban traffic. As the main participants in their driving behavior, bus drivers obtain information mainly through vision. In order to carry out a series of driving manipulation behavior. In different road traffic environment, the changes of bus drivers' visual characteristics are also different. Based on the theoretical analysis of drivers' visual characteristics, The relationship between driving behavior and visual characteristics of bus drivers is studied emphatically, and the visual parameters of bus drivers are obtained by designing the real vehicle test of bus drivers, and using eye movement instrument to obtain the parameters of the visual characteristics of bus drivers in the course of driving. The visual fixation time, blink frequency, blink duration and head rotation angle of the bus driver are analyzed, and the relationship between the visual fixation time, the blink frequency, the head rotation angle and the safe driving behavior of the bus driver is obtained. Under different road traffic environment, driver's visual fixation time occupies the dominant position of the total visual time, and with the complexity of the road traffic environment, the driver's visual fixation time increases continuously, at the same time, with the road environment becoming more and more complex, The frequency of blink of bus drivers is increasing and the duration of blinking is decreasing, which indicates that bus drivers have a high level of mental tension under complex circumstances. For the analysis of bus drivers' head rotation angle, the bus driver's head rotation angle is different under different road environment, and the more complex the road environment, the bigger the bus driver's head rotation angle.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.25

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