专用道公交实时优先协调控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 00:36

本文选题：公交优先　切入点：驻站时间　出处：《北方工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速腾飞和社会的进步,城市机动车保有量和出行率逐年迅速上升,但是道路基础设施建设、交通管理水平与交通控制水平发展缓慢,导致城市出现了一些道路堵塞、环境污染、资源分配不均等现象。学者们通过研究发现解决交通问题必须以公共交通的发展为重点,实现有限道路交通资源的合理利用。公交优先可以利用被动优先、主动优先、实时优先等控制方式为公交车辆提供优先,从而提升公共交通服务水平。本文针对专用道公交优先干线协调控制和社会车流与专用道公交优先干线协调控制两种情况进行研究,在保持公交车辆运行连续性且减小公交的停车次数的前提下缩小了对其他车流产生的负面效应。首先,归纳总结国内外近年来的研究成果并阐述公交优先的理论基础及其优点,详细对比了公交优先控制的目标、方式及策略。描述了干线信号协调控制理论,包括常用的干线协调控制方法、干线协调控制适用条件及各主要参数的计算方法等,为建立专用道公交实时优先控制模型奠定了基础。其次,研究了不考虑社会车流影响情况下的独立专用道公交优先干线协调方法,分析公交驻站时间的分布情况以及置信区间估计,在公交驻站时间估计的基础上,结合公交运行速度及公交行驶路径等得出了专用道公交运行时空轨迹,然后考虑行程时间、相位差等约束条件确定公交车通过下游交叉口的概率及期望,建立了基于公交车到达期望的控制模型,并利用Vissim仿真软件验证了本控制方法的可行性。最后,针对社会车流与专用道公交优先同时进行干线协调的情形,考虑二者之间的相互作用关系,以人均延误最小为目标,建立基于相位差优化的社会车流与公交优先干线协调控制模型,并通过遗传算法进行求解。然后根据车辆到达分布情况设计了相位差的切换条件、相位差切换方法以及绿灯时间分配方法,并利用Vissim软件做了模拟验证,结果显示该控制模型有效减少了人均延误,提升了公交运行效率。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society in our country, the number of urban motor vehicles and the travel rate are increasing rapidly year by year, but the construction of road infrastructure, the level of traffic management and the level of traffic control are slow to develop. This has led to some road jams, environmental pollution and unequal distribution of resources in cities. Through their research, scholars have found that the development of public transport must be the focus of solving traffic problems. Realize the reasonable utilization of limited road traffic resources. Bus priority can use passive priority, active priority, real-time priority and other control methods to provide priority for public transport vehicles. So as to improve the level of public transport services. This paper focuses on two situations: coordinated control of public transport priority trunk lines of special lanes and coordinated control of social traffic flow and bus priority trunk lines of special lanes. On the premise of maintaining the continuity of bus operation and reducing the number of bus stops, the negative effects on other traffic flow are reduced. Firstly, the research results in recent years at home and abroad are summarized and the theoretical basis and advantages of bus priority are expounded. The objectives, methods and strategies of bus priority control are compared in detail, and the theory of coordinated control of trunk signals is described, including the commonly used methods of coordinated control of trunk lines, the applicable conditions of coordinated control of trunk lines, and the calculation methods of main parameters, etc. It lays a foundation for the establishment of real-time priority control model of special lane public transportation. Secondly, the paper studies the coordination method of bus priority trunk line of independent special lane, which does not consider the influence of social traffic flow. The distribution of bus stop time and confidence interval estimation are analyzed. On the basis of bus stop time estimation, combined with bus running speed and bus route, the space-time track of bus running is obtained, and then the travel time is considered. The phase difference and other constraint conditions are used to determine the probability and expectation of the bus passing through the downstream intersection. The control model based on the bus arrival expectation is established, and the feasibility of the control method is verified by Vissim simulation software. In view of the situation that the social traffic flow and the bus priority of special lanes are coordinated at the same time, considering the interaction between the two, the goal is to minimize the delay per capita. The coordinated control model of social traffic flow and bus priority trunk line based on phase difference optimization is established and solved by genetic algorithm. Then the phase difference switching condition is designed according to the vehicle arrival distribution. The phase difference switching method and the green time allocation method are simulated by Vissim software. The results show that the control model can effectively reduce the delay per person and improve the efficiency of public transportation.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.54

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