基于节点重要度和线网结构特征的城乡公交线路布局研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 09:43

本文选题：结构特征　切入点：城乡公交　出处：《北京交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国城乡统筹发展对城乡交通尤其是城乡客运交通提出了更迫切的理论和实践要求,因此,进行城乡公交线路及站点合理规划的研究成为需要面对的首要问题。本文在着重分析乡镇村落等节点重要度以及城乡公交线路演变机理及其结构特征的基础上,针对中心城区、乡镇布局对城乡公交线路和站点规划展开研究。论文结合城乡客流空间分布特点和城乡公交线路运营实践,将城乡公交线路分成城镇公交和镇村公交两部分。在分析城乡公交线网结构布局特征及客流特征的基础上,研究了城镇公交线路和镇村公交线路布局；同时研究了城乡公交枢纽站、停靠站和招呼站的布局。论文主要工作如下：首先,分析了城乡公交线路演变机理,阐述了城乡公交线网布局的特点,分析并提出了现阶段我国城乡公交线网布局主要以星形、树形结构为主的特征；对城乡公交客流的特征展开分析,将城乡客流分为中心城区—乡镇—村庄的纵向客流,以及乡镇之间或村庄之间的横向客流,在重点考虑纵向客流的前提下,对城镇公交和镇村公交进行了深入研究；同时,通过分析城乡公交客流及线网结构特性,得出城乡公交线路布局主要体现出“一点到多点”的结构,即从中心城区向市域内各乡镇辐射,从各乡镇分别向周边行政村辐射的形式。通过分析乡镇村庄节点重要度,选取重点乡镇与村落开通城乡公交线路,提出了基于最短路思想的城镇公交线路布局以及基于Hamilton通路的镇村公交线路布局模型。其次,通过分析城乡公交与城市公交的异同,针对城乡公交站点的特殊性,从枢纽站、停靠站和招呼站三类站点角度研究城乡公交线路站点的布局；分析并选取了线路长度、非直线系数、站点服务人口、平均站距等评价指标,对规划的城乡公交线路和站点进行调整。最后,以山东省高密市城乡公交规划为应用实例,验证了论文中所提出的模型和方法的合理性和可行性。
[Abstract]:The overall development of urban and rural areas in China has put forward more urgent theoretical and practical requirements for urban and rural transportation, especially for urban and rural passenger transport. It is the most important problem to study the reasonable planning of urban and rural bus routes and stations. Based on the analysis of the importance of the nodes such as villages and towns, the evolution mechanism and structural characteristics of urban and rural bus routes, this paper aims at the central urban areas. Township layout of urban and rural bus routes and station planning to carry out research. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of urban and rural passenger flow and the operation practice of urban and rural bus lines, the paper divides the urban and rural bus lines into two parts: urban public transport and town village public transport. Based on the analysis of the structural layout characteristics and passenger flow characteristics of urban and rural bus network, the paper analyzes the characteristics of urban and rural public transport network. It also studies the layout of urban and rural bus hub stations, parking stations and greeting stations. The main work of this paper is as follows:. Firstly, it analyzes the evolution mechanism of urban and rural transit lines, expounds the characteristics of urban and rural bus network layout, analyzes and puts forward the main characteristics of urban and rural bus network layout in China at present: star and tree structure. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of urban and rural public transport passenger flow, the urban and rural passenger flow is divided into the longitudinal passenger flow of the central urban-township and the village, and the horizontal passenger flow between the towns and villages, with the emphasis on the consideration of the longitudinal passenger flow. At the same time, by analyzing the characteristics of urban and rural public transport passenger flow and network structure, it is concluded that the layout of urban and rural bus lines mainly reflects the structure of "one point to many points". That is, the radiation from the central urban area to the towns in the city region and the radiation from the villages and towns to the surrounding administrative villages. By analyzing the importance of the nodes of the villages and towns, the key towns and villages are selected to open the urban and rural public transport lines. Put forward the urban bus line layout based on the shortest path and the town and village bus line layout model based on Hamilton passageway. Secondly, through analyzing the similarities and differences between urban and rural public transport and urban public transport, aiming at the particularity of urban and rural public transport station, from the hub station. The layout of bus stops in urban and rural areas is studied from the point of view of stops and greeting stations, and the evaluation indexes such as line length, non-linear coefficient, service population and average station distance are analyzed and selected. Finally, taking the urban and rural bus planning of Gaomi City, Shandong Province as an example, the rationality and feasibility of the proposed model and method are verified.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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