考虑公交优先的改进韦伯斯特信号配时模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 16:13

本文选题：公共交通　切入点：信号配时　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市的发展和机动化水平的提高,交通拥堵现象越来越频繁。一方面,交通拥堵降低了通行效率,增加了出行成本：另一方面,交通拥堵还增加了尾气排放,加剧了环境污染和能源消耗。优先发展城市公共交通,形成以公共交通为主体的机动化交通结构,已成为提高运输效率、缓解交通拥堵的重要手段。通常情况下,交通控制系统的优化目标是针对车辆延误的,如Webster信号配时方法,但是,基于车辆的信号控制策略对具有高车载率的公交车辆及其乘客是不够公平的。因此,在城市路网中,研究基于乘客的交通信号控制系统具有重要的意义。本文提出的基于乘客的公交信号优先系统,通过将乘客延误最小化,对公交车辆在交叉口实现信号优先。首先,本文研究了基于人均延误最小策略的交叉口信号配时模型,该模型对于社会车辆和公交车辆给予不同的权重,将社会车辆和公交车辆纳入一个统一的评价体系,在考虑公交车辆优先的同时,减少了对社会车辆运行的干扰。进而,对于单交叉口,深入研究了不饱和态下社会车辆乘客延误时间与公交车辆乘客延误时间与周期时长、绿信比问的函数关系,并将模型推广至干道。最后,采用遗传算法对模型进行求解,并用Matlab编写信号配时程序,结合Vissim仿真软件从理论和实例对模型效果进行评价。研究结果表明,采用本文模型配时,其人均延误将小于传统Webster信号配时带来的结果。一方面,随着相邻进口道公交比例差异的增加,本文模型在人均延误指标上取得的效益越高；随着相邻进口道公交载客量的差异增加,本文模型在人均延误指标上取得的效益也越高；另一方面,随着各进口道流量比的增大,Webster配时模型和本文模型得到的人均延误之差同样也将增大。当且仅当相邻进口道公交比例和载客量一致的时候,Webster配时模型和本文模型得到的人均延误一致,此时,两种模型给出的配时方案一致。
[Abstract]:With the development of cities and the improvement of motorization, traffic congestion is becoming more and more frequent. On the one hand, traffic congestion reduces traffic efficiency and increases travel costs. On the other hand, traffic congestion also increases emissions. It gives priority to the development of urban public transport and forms a motorized traffic structure with public transport as the main body. It has become an important means to improve transport efficiency and alleviate traffic congestion. The optimization target of traffic control system is for vehicle delay, such as Webster signal timing method. However, the signal control strategy based on vehicle is not fair to bus vehicles and their passengers with high vehicle rate. It is of great significance to study the passenger based traffic signal control system. In this paper, the passenger based bus signal priority system is proposed. In this paper, the intersection signal timing model based on the minimum delay per capita strategy is studied. The model gives different weights to social vehicles and public transport vehicles, and brings social vehicles and public transport vehicles into a unified evaluation system. Considering the priority of public transport vehicles, the interference to the operation of social vehicles is reduced. Furthermore, for the single intersection, the delay time of social vehicle passengers and the delay time and cycle time of public transport vehicle passengers under the condition of unsaturated state are deeply studied. Finally, genetic algorithm is used to solve the model, and the signal timing program is written with Matlab. Based on the Vissim simulation software, the effectiveness of the model is evaluated from theory and example. The results show that the per capita delay of the proposed model is smaller than that of the traditional Webster signal timing. With the increase of the difference in the proportion of adjacent entrance routes, the higher the efficiency of the model is on the per capita delay index, the higher the benefit of the model is on the per capita delay index with the increase of the difference of the public transport capacity of the adjacent entrance lanes. On the other hand, The difference between the per capita delay obtained by the Webster timing model and the present model will also increase with the increase of the flow ratio of each inlet. If and only when the bus traffic ratio and the carrying capacity of the adjacent entrance lanes are the same, the Webster timing model and the present model will also increase. The per capita delay was the same, At this point, the two models give the same timing scheme.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.54

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