城市交织区匝道动态逼近的预测控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 03:17

本文选题：自适应控制　切入点：匝道控制　出处：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,交通需求的增加,交通通行流量日趋加大,道路通行能力与运输需求矛盾不断恶化。在一些通行繁忙地段,出现了匝道排队现象。但是道路基础建设的速度远不如机动车数量增长的速度,交通管理的水平严重滞后于交通需求,交通拥堵是十分棘手需要解决的问题。在快速路交织区域,由于可能发生频繁的车辆变道行为,入口匝道与出口匝道之间距离较近。对交织区通行能力产生很大影响的因素是交织行为,在交通拥堵时,能使通行能力严重下降。最被常用的控制方法是匝道控制,能够有效的缓解交通拥堵。然而,鉴于前人对通行能力的研究,交通管理策略不能直接使用模型参数对系统设计及优化,而且在目前的匝道控制并没有把交织行为对通行能力的影响作为考虑因素。以哈尔滨铁路街为实例,利用VISSIM软件对哪些因素影响匝道控制效果进行对比分析。讨论入口匝道通行车辆数量、主线通行车辆数量、自由流通行速度、交织区短长度和车道(lane)等因素对匝道控制的影响。论述基于自适应、动态逼近的非线性预测控制进行匝道控制。利用MATLAB软件仿真结果表明,把自适应控制算法和基于NARMAX动态逼近的预测控制算法控制结果进行对比得出,对于车流量较大、容易发生交通堵塞的道路,基于NARMAX动态逼近的预测控制算法能够较好缓解交通拥堵,可有效地降低交通咽喉区车流量负载过大的影响。综合交织区实时交通情况的测评结果和优化后的匝道控制方法,实现优化控制。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the increase of traffic demand, the traffic flow is increasing day by day, and the contradiction between traffic capacity and transportation demand is getting worse. In some busy traffic areas, However, the speed of the road infrastructure construction is not as fast as the increase of the number of motor vehicles, and the level of traffic management lags behind the traffic demand seriously. Traffic congestion is a very difficult problem to solve. In the intertwined area of expressway, because of the frequent traffic change behavior, The distance between the on-ramp and the off-ramp is close. The intertwined behavior has a great influence on the capacity of the interleaved area, which can make the traffic capacity decrease seriously in the traffic jam. The most commonly used control method is the ramp control. However, traffic management strategy can not directly use model parameters to design and optimize the system. Moreover, in the current ramp control, the influence of intertwined behavior on capacity is not taken into account. Take Harbin Railway Street as an example. By using VISSIM software, this paper makes a comparative analysis of which factors affect the control effect of ramp, discusses the number of on-ramp traffic, the number of main line traffic vehicles, the free circulation speed, and so on. The influence of short interleaving region length and lane laneon on ramp control is discussed. The nonlinear predictive control based on adaptive and dynamic approximation is discussed. The simulation results of MATLAB software show that, By comparing the control results of adaptive control algorithm with that of predictive control algorithm based on NARMAX dynamic approximation, it is concluded that for roads with large traffic flow and easy to traffic jam, The predictive control algorithm based on NARMAX dynamic approximation can alleviate traffic congestion and reduce the influence of excessive traffic load in traffic throat area effectively. The evaluation results of real-time traffic situation in interlaced area and the optimized ramp control method are synthesized. The optimal control is realized.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.54

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