基于泊位共享的山地城市停车收费模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 02:28

本文选题：泊位共享因子　切入点：山地城市　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国山地城市的经济发展迅速,人们的生活水平有了很大的提高,汽车保有量也保持逐年增加的趋势,自然而然造成了停车的需求越来越大,但是由于山地城市地形的限制,停车场的建设和分布存在很大问题,导致车位供给严重不足。本文针对当前车位供需矛盾的现状,建立了基于泊位共享的山地城市停车收费模型,希望通过调整收费来引导山地城市停车资源的合理使用,在一定程度上缓解车位不足的问题。文章首先对比了山地城市和平原城市在道路交通系统方面的几点不同,突出了山地城市独有的特点,在分析山地城市停车现状的基础上对当前停车存在的问题进行了总结,对停车行为的几个影响因素进行了具体的分析,并根据影响程度的不同对它们进行了排序,探讨了费用对停车行为的影响机理,证明了停车收费手段的重要性。其次,对泊位共享的概念及相关内容进行了系统介绍,明确共享实现的条件及实施的两种模式,在对现有停车需求预测模型进行分析比较的基础上,定义了泊位共享因子,考虑了策略实施对停车者选择行为的影响,对共享因子进行了折减,最后从节省土地资源、提高利用效率的角度建立了基于泊位共享的停车需求模型。然后,在比较分析了几种常用的定价方法基础之上,决定从利润最大化的角度建立停车收费模型,在此之前,确定了停车收费的目的、性质及制定所遵循的原则。在对成本组成进行分析之后,考虑到资金的时间价值,将建设成本分摊到每年求出年金,在假设利率不变、需求总体保持平衡等条件下建立了基于泊位共享的山地城市停车收费模型,根据模型可以求解出实施泊位共享策略后停车场为获取最大利润应制定的停车费率,利用遗传算法对模型进行求解,随后给出了停车场经营主体对收费费率进行调整的一般程序。最后,通过调查获取目标停车场在不同时间段内的停车需求,将数据进行统计分析,可以看出二者的需求在时间上具有一定的互补性,满足共享的实施条件,把相关数据代入第四章建立的模型中可以计算出共享后的停车收费费率,实例计算证明了该模型可以实现提高泊位利用率,增加停车场经营者收入,优化停车资源配置等目的。根据现状分析再结合世界上部分城市停车收费策略实施的情况,对重庆市实施泊位共享停车收费提出几点建议。
[Abstract]:The mountain city of China's rapid economic development, people's living standard has been greatly improved, car ownership is also kept increasing year by year, naturally caused parking demand more and more, but because of the limitations of the terrain of mountain city, there is a big problem of the construction of parking lot and distribution, resulting in a serious shortage of supply of parking spaces. Aiming at the contradiction between supply and demand of the parking spaces, a mountainous city parking berth model based on sharing, hope to guide the rational use of parking resources in mountainous city by adjusting the charge, alleviate the parking shortage problem to a certain extent. This paper compared some mountainous City and plain city road traffic system in different areas, outstanding the unique characteristics of mountain city, based on analyzing the present situation of city parking on the mountain on the current parking problems are summarized, for parking Analyzed several factors that influence behavior, and according to the different influence degree of sort, discussed the mechanism of impact of cost on parking behavior, demonstrate the importance of parking fees means. Secondly, the concept of space sharing and related content are introduced in this paper, clearly sharing conditions and two the implementation of the model, the existing parking demand forecasting model based on the analysis and comparison, the definition of sharing factor, consider the implementation of the strategy effect on the parking choice behavior, the sharing of a discount factor, finally save land resources, improve the utilization efficiency of the parking demand model based on shared parking then, on the basis of a comparative analysis of several commonly used methods of pricing, decided to build a parking fee model, from the angle of profit maximization before determining the parking The purpose of the charges, and follow the principles of nature. After the cost analysis, considering the time value of money, the construction cost to calculate the annual pension, on the assumption that the interest rate unchanged, demand overall balance under the condition of the mountainous region city parking berth sharing model based on the model, according to the can solve the parking lot after the implementation of sharing strategies to maximize profits should formulate parking rates, the model was solved by genetic algorithm, then gives the general procedure of parking lot management body to adjust the toll rate. Finally, get the parking demand field at different period of time through the investigation target parking data statistical analysis can be seen, two needs are complementary in time, to meet the conditions for implementation of sharing, the relevant data into the fourth chapter to establish the model You can type in the parking fees calculated after sharing, the calculation results prove that this model can improve the berth utilization rate, increase the income of the managers to optimize parking parking lot, allocation of resources. According to the status quo analysis combined with the world on the part of the city parking strategy implementation, the implementation of berth sharing in Chongqing and puts forward some suggestions parking fees.

【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.7

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