快速公交运行状态解析与服务水平划分

发布时间：2018-03-14 19:51

本文选题：快速公交　切入点：运行状态　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市机动化的不变发展,城市拥堵问题日趋严重,公共交通作为一种资源占用少、运行效率高的交通工具日益受到关注,快速公交作为排头兵尤其受到国家以及地方政府的重视。作为享有专用路权的大容量公共交通工具,快速公交的确给人民带来了便利,也在一定程度上缓解了交通拥堵的势头。但不可否认,快速公交仍有很大潜力,针对快速公交运行状态是如何变化的尚未认清,相关服务水平标准尚未制定。本文研究的运行状态解析以及服务划分正是针对如何准确测度和评价快速公交运行状态、服务水平,具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。论文从快速公交运行特征与状态概念解析着手,以济南BRT1号线的相关数据为数据源,提取了运行状态评价三参数,基于相关标准,依照相关模型公式,分析了各区段、各状态下的三参数变化规律,并运用模糊聚类以及空间距离的方法对运行状态进行空间解读,提出快速公交运行状态指数的概念,并基于时间序列的方法对该指数进行突变、趋势分析。根据快速公交运行状态指数以及乘客的主观评价建立服务水平评价测度模型,并量定等级划分标准。得出主要结论如下:(1)运行平稳性、可靠性的评价值都随着运行速度的变化而不断波动,总体呈现先增加后下降的抛物线形式,当速度处于18km/h左右时,平稳性最好,当速度处于22-25km/h时,运行可靠性最好,运行效率的评价值随着运行速度的增加,也逐步增大,当速度为25-30km/h时,达到最佳运行效率。整体三参数平稳性服务水平等级为B级,运行可靠性C级,运行效率界与C、D级之间;(2)通过空间状态模型以及相应的数据分析方法对状态从多维度进行分析。发现在运行至区段3(西苑小区)、8 (三孔桥)、12 (东泺河路)时,车辆运行保持较好状态,运行至第4 (无影山路)、6 (长途汽车站)、11 (历黄路)以及14 (车站北街)区段时车辆运行状态较差;在时段17:50至18:02以及时段18:09-18:20运行状态保持在不好状态,在时段18:02至18:09以及时段18:20-18:42运行保持在较好状态。(3)济南市BRT-1号线服务水平为C级,乘客对济南BRT-1号线的评价基本为一般或基本满意,运行服务水平随着速度的提升而不断提升,当车辆运行达到在25-30km/h时,达到最佳服务水平。本文的创新点在于:(1)本文提出快速公交运行区段概念,界定快速公交运行状态;(2)本文通过分区段、分状态全面解析快速公交三参数模型;(3)基于数据分析和运行机理刻画三参数状态空间,运用加权空间距离模型对状态空间进行表达,并提出快速公交运行状态指数这一新指标,并进行了状态划分;(4)基于时间序列分析各不同时段的运行状态;(5)基于状态空间与乘客主观评价从多重维度量化运行服务水平。
[Abstract]:With the constant development of urban motorization, the problem of urban congestion is becoming more and more serious. As a kind of transportation with less resources and high efficiency, public transport has been paid more and more attention. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), as a platoon soldier, is especially valued by the state and local governments. As a mass transit vehicle with special access rights, BRT has indeed brought convenience to the people. It also alleviates the momentum of traffic congestion to some extent. But there is no denying that bus rapid transit still has great potential. It is not clear how the state of bus rapid transit is changing. The standard of service level has not been formulated yet. The analysis of operation state and service division in this paper is aimed at how to accurately measure and evaluate the operation status and service level of BRT. It has very important theoretical and practical significance. This paper begins with the analysis of the operation characteristics and state concept of bus Rapid Transit (BRT), takes the relevant data of Jinan BRT1 as the data source, and extracts the three parameters of the evaluation of the running state, based on the relevant standards. According to the relevant model formula, this paper analyzes the variation law of three parameters in each section and state, and uses the method of fuzzy clustering and space distance to interpret the operation state space, and puts forward the concept of BRT running state index. Based on the method of time series, the paper analyzes the change and trend of the index, and establishes the service level evaluation model according to the bus rapid transit operation state index and the subjective evaluation of passengers. The main conclusions are as follows: 1: 1) the evaluation values of reliability fluctuate continuously with the change of running speed. The whole is parabola of increasing first and then decreasing. When the speed is about 18 km / h, The stability is the best, when the speed is 22 to 25 km / h, the operational reliability is the best, and the evaluation value of the running efficiency increases with the increase of the running speed, and when the speed is 25 to 30 km / h, To achieve the best operation efficiency. The overall three-parameter smoothness service level is B class, the operation reliability C level, The operation efficiency boundary and C / C D class are used to analyze the state from multiple dimensions through the spatial state model and the corresponding data analysis methods. It is found that when running to section 3 (Xiyuan residential area, Qianqian 8 (Sankongqiao Qianjiao 12), Dongluohe Road), The running condition of the vehicle is relatively good, and the running condition of the vehicle is poor when it reaches the 4th (No.4) (long distance bus station, Kuan 11 (Calendar Road) and 14 (Station North Street) section); At 17:50 to 18:02 and at 18: 09-1818: 20, the running state is maintained in a bad state, and the service level of the BRT-1 line in Jinan is grade C between 18:02 and 18:02 and at 1820-1840: 42 in a better state. Passengers' evaluation of Jinan's BRT-1 line is generally or basically satisfactory, and the service level of the service keeps rising with the increase of speed. When the vehicle runs at 25-30 km / h, To achieve the best service level. The innovation of this paper lies in: 1) this paper puts forward the concept of bus rapid transit operation section and defines the operation state of bus rapid transit. Based on the data analysis and operation mechanism, the three-parameter state space is described, and the weighted spatial distance model is used to express the state space, and a new index of bus rapid transit running state index is proposed. Based on the state space and the subjective evaluation of passengers, the service level of operation is quantified from multiple dimensions.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17

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