一种面向机动车流的十字交叉口交通预信号控制方法

发布时间：2018-03-15 00:35

本文选题：信号控制　切入点：预信号　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前我国各大城市交通运行状况逐渐恶化,过饱和交叉口日益增多,严重阻碍了社会经济的发展。预信号控制通过在交叉口每个进口方向停车线后增加一条停车线和一组信号灯的方法控制机动车流运行,从完善车道组织与信号配时方案两个角度提升交叉口通行能力,能够有效地缓解交叉口交通拥堵。本文介绍了预信号交叉口的渠化设计以及两种不同的相位相序方案,并对不同相位相序方案下车辆的运行情况进行了描述;考虑车辆行驶的实际情况,为了准确计算待行区长度、延误时间等参数,需要准确描述机动车在待行区内的运行过程,因此提出了基于效用最大化的车道选择模型,用效用值表示驾驶员在待行区内对所选择车道的满意程度,并且选择换车道次数和车道内排队长度作为驾驶员选择车道的影响因素,最后利用极大似然估计法标定车道选择模型。为了获得最优的预信号配时方案,本文以交叉口车辆平均延误最小为目标,以信号配时参数和待行区长度为自变量,对主信号和预信号处配时做约束,构建了预信号交叉口的配时方案优化模型;其中预信号交叉口的总延误等于预信号处延误和主信号处延误之和;而预信号处延误与传统交叉口处延误相同,本文用过渡函数计算;主信号处延误是由主预信号相互协调产生的,可以通过分析左转和直行车辆进入待行区和离开待行区的过程来计算。最后采用可行方向法求解预信号交叉口的最优配时方案和待行区长度。最后以典型的十字交叉口为例对所建立的预信号控制方法进行验证。对实施预信号后的交叉口通过matlab仿真得到最优配时方案和最小车均延误,对传统信号交叉口在最优配时方案下进行matlab仿真得到车均延误,最后对两种信号控制方案下的车均延误比较分析。结果表明:当交叉口处于饱和或过饱和状态时,与传统信号控制方法相比,预信号控制方法可以降低车辆延误达到60%。
[Abstract]:At present, the traffic conditions of major cities in China are gradually deteriorating, and the number of supersaturated intersections is increasing day by day. A serious hindrance to socio-economic development. Pre-signal control controls the flow of motor vehicles by adding a stop line and a set of signal lights to each direction of the intersection, In order to improve the traffic capacity of intersections from two angles of improving lane organization and signal timing scheme, traffic congestion can be effectively alleviated. This paper introduces the design of channelization of pre-signalized intersections and two different phase sequence schemes. The running conditions of vehicles under different phase phase sequence schemes are described, considering the actual driving conditions of vehicles, in order to accurately calculate the parameters such as the length of the waiting zone and the delay time, it is necessary to accurately describe the running process of the vehicle in the waiting zone. Therefore, a lane selection model based on utility maximization is proposed. The utility value is used to express the driver's satisfaction with the selected lane in the waiting area. In order to obtain the optimal pre-signal timing scheme, the lane selection model is calibrated by the maximum likelihood estimation method, and the number of lanes and the length of queue in the lane are chosen as the influencing factors for the driver to select the lane, and the maximum likelihood estimation method is used to calibrate the lane selection model. In this paper, the minimum average delay of vehicle at intersection is taken as the objective, the signal timing parameters and the length of the waiting area are taken as independent variables, and the timing constraints at the main signal and the pre-signal are taken as the constraints, and the optimization model of the timing scheme at the pre-signal intersection is constructed. The total delay at the pre-signal intersection is equal to the sum of the delay at the pre-signal and the delay at the main signal, and the delay at the pre-signal is the same as the delay at the traditional intersection, so the transition function is used to calculate the delay. The delay at the main signal is caused by the coordination of the primary presignals, It can be calculated by analyzing the process of left turn and straight vehicle entering and leaving the waiting area. Finally, the feasible direction method is used to solve the optimal timing scheme and the waiting area length of the pre-signalized intersection. Finally, the typical cross is used. The pre-signal control method is verified by the example of intersection. The optimal timing scheme and the minimum vehicle delay are obtained by matlab simulation at the intersection after the pre-signal is implemented. The matlab simulation of the traditional signalized intersection under the optimal timing scheme shows that the average vehicle delay is obtained. Finally, the comparison of the vehicle delay between the two signal control schemes is made. The results show that: when the intersection is saturated or supersaturated, Compared with the traditional signal control method, the pre-signal control method can reduce the vehicle delay to 60%.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.54

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