中小城市中心区路外公共停车场选址研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 23:04

本文选题：中小城市中心区　切入点：路外公共停车场　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,"停车难"的问题已经开始在中小城市中心区涌现。路外公共停车场是城市停车系统的重要组成部分,其选址规划是城市停车场规划的关键和核心,对解决城市中心区"停车难"问题具有非常重要的作用。因此,研究中小城市中心区路外公共停车场选址具有非常重要的意义。本文研究的主要内容包括以下几个方面:首先,本文介绍了中小城市、城市中心区及路外公共停车场等相关基础理论,重点分析了停车者需求、经济、交通等影响中小城市中心区路外公共停车场选址的主要因素,并详细考虑了每种影响因素在建模时考量方式。其次,本文分析了既有的主要路外公共停车场选址模型与方法,在此基础上建立了基于双目标的中小城市中心区路外公共停车场选址模型。该模型以路外公共停车场的投资成本最小、停车者的停车成本最小为目标,在停车需求分配上,本文综合考虑距离和时间两个因素,在中小城市中心区路外公共停车场的服务半径限制下,采用等时间负荷法进行分配。再次,本文设计了中小城市中心区路外公共停车场选址模型的改进遗传算法。利用改进遗传算子策略和拒绝策略来处理约束条件,利用权重系数法将双目标函数转化成单目标函数,同时考虑遗传算法和枚举法思想,设计了本模型的求解算法。最后,本文完成了对本文所建立的模型与设计的算法的实例验证。以招远市中心区路外公共停车场选址为例,在对遗传算法中的种群数量和最大进化代数进行标定的基础上,借助Matlab实现了模型的求解,验证了所建立的模型及设计的算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of "parking difficulties" has begun to emerge in the center of small and medium-sized cities. The off-road public parking is an important part of the urban parking system, and its location planning is the key and core of the urban parking planning. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the location of public car park outside the central district of small and medium-sized cities. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects: first, This paper introduces the basic theories of small and medium-sized cities, urban centers and off-road public parking lots, and analyzes the main factors that affect the location of public parking lots outside roads in small and medium-sized cities, such as parking demand, economy, traffic, and so on. In addition, this paper analyzes the existing models and methods of the public parking lot location outside the main roads. On the basis of this, a model of location selection of off-road public parking in the center of small and medium-sized cities is established, which aims at the minimum investment cost of off-road public car park and the minimum parking cost of parking person, and the allocation of parking demand. In this paper, considering two factors of distance and time, the equal time load method is used to distribute the service radius of the public parking lot outside the central district of the small and medium-sized city. In this paper, an improved genetic algorithm for the location model of public parking outside the central district of small and medium-sized cities is designed. By using the improved genetic operator strategy and the rejection strategy to deal with the constraint conditions, the two-objective function is transformed into a single-objective function by the weight coefficient method. At the same time, considering the idea of genetic algorithm and enumeration method, the algorithm of solving this model is designed. Finally, the example of the model and the algorithm is completed. Taking the location of the public parking lot outside the central district of Zhaoyuan City as an example, Based on the calibration of population size and maximum evolutionary algebra in genetic algorithm, the solution of the model is realized by means of Matlab, and the feasibility of the established model and the designed algorithm is verified.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.7

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