基于港口国检查结果的船旗国绩效评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 07:02

本文选题：港口国监督　切入点：船旗国绩效　出处：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：上世纪80年代以来,船舶海上事故频繁发生,严重危害了人命安全和海洋环境,引起了国际海事组织和港口国当局的高度重视。为此,国际海事组织提出要认真落实标准实施的三重责任：国际海事组织负责制定标准,船旗国负责实施标准,港口国负责标准实施的监督检查,目的是将低标准船舶淘汰出航运市场。港口国监督被国际社会公认为是消除低标准船舶、保障海上人命安全和保护海洋环境的有效手段。目前,大部分港口国监督备忘录组织都建立了船旗国绩效表现评价体系,旨在督促船旗国有效履行国际公约,其中最有影响力的是巴黎备忘录和东京备忘录采用的船旗国“黑-灰-白”名单制度,该制度根据船旗国船队近三年安全风险的不同,也就是船舶滞留率的不同,将船旗国划分为“黑-灰-白”名单。本文介绍了船旗国责任、船旗国履约、船旗国绩效表现和港口国监督的相关概念,以及国际上主要的区域备忘录组织和国家的港口国监督检查机制现状,分析了船旗国“黑-灰-白”名单制度存在的弊端：缺少其他区域备忘录组织的历史检查数据、仅适用于具有大样本检查数据的船旗国、缺少海上交通事故要素的负面影响。鉴于上述弊端,本文提出了改进港口国监督检查机制中船旗国绩效表现评价的方法。第一,整合各区域备忘录组织的港口国监督检查数据,对船旗国绩效表现进行评价,协调各区域备忘录组织标准的统一；第二,采用基于贝叶斯平均算法,改进现有的船旗国“黑-灰-白”名单制度,解决现有评价方法仅适用于大样本检查数据的问题；第三,提出在现有的船旗国绩效表现评价方法中,增加海上交通事故要素的负面影响。论文的最后,结合我国的履约现状,提出我国提升船旗国绩效表现的若干建议。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, ship accidents at sea have occurred frequently, seriously endangering the safety of human life and the marine environment, which has aroused the great attention of the International Maritime Organization and port state authorities. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has proposed a triple responsibility for the implementation of the standards: the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is responsible for the formulation of standards, the flag States are responsible for the implementation of the standards, and the port States are responsible for the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the standards. The aim is to eliminate low-standard ships from the shipping market. Port State Control is recognized by the international community as an effective means of eliminating low-standard ships, guaranteeing the safety of life at sea and protecting the marine environment. Most port State Control Memorandum organizations have established flag State performance evaluation systems aimed at promoting the effective implementation of international conventions by flag States. The most influential of these is the black-gray white-list system of flag States used in the Paris and Tokyo memorandums, which vary according to the security risks of flag State fleets in the last three years, that is, ship retention rates, This paper introduces the concepts of flag State responsibility, flag State performance, flag State performance and port State control. As well as the current situation of major international regional memorandum organizations and national port State control and inspection mechanisms, the shortcomings of the "black-gray" list system of flag States are analyzed: the lack of historical inspection data from other regional memorandums, It is only applicable to flag States with large samples of inspection data and lacks the negative impact of maritime traffic accident elements. In view of the above disadvantages, this paper proposes a method to improve the performance evaluation of flag States in the port State control and inspection mechanism. Integrating port State control inspection data of regional memorandums of understanding, evaluating flag State performance and harmonizing the standards of the regional memorandums; secondly, adopting Bayesian averaging algorithm, To improve the existing "black-gray" list system of flag States and to solve the problem that the existing evaluation methods are only applicable to large samples of inspection data; third, it is proposed that, among the existing methods for evaluating flag State performance, At the end of this paper, some suggestions are put forward to improve the performance of flag state.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U691.6

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