突发事故下高速公路应急指挥调度及车辆分流方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 04:23

本文选题：高速公路　切入点：应急救援　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国高速公路的大力发展,越来越多的车辆驶入高速公路,同时高速公路上车辆行驶速度比较快,导致事故频发,而且事故后果极其严重。这类事故危害程度一般是普通道路交通事故的几倍,乃至几十倍,不但危害高速公路车辆驾乘人员的生命财产安全,而且也对高速公路路产产生严重危害。交通事故通常会导致交通拥堵,在高速公路发生交通事故的时候,不但危害公私财产安全,而且会造成道路拥堵,对高速公路的交通正常运行造成严重的影响,甚至导致道路交通瘫痪。因此,高速公路应急救援与保障也就变得十分重要。本文围绕突发事故下的高速公路应急资源配置、应急车辆调度以及高速公路车辆分流方法尽心了研究,具体工作如下:(1)分析了突发交通事故下的应急情况,总结了突发事故下高速公路应急救援的特点,构建了基于综合成本最小的突发事故下高速公路应急资源配置模型,主要综合考虑了应急资源实际的购置和存储成本,且根据不同出救点的救援服务水平和实际容量对应急资源进行配置,出救点的救援服务水平越高,容量越大,可配置的应急资源就越多。同时模型还考虑到闲置成本,由于以往发生事故的历史数据经过统计总结出发生事故的概率,对提前配置具有一定的参考价值。最后以菏泽周边高速公路网为应用背景,基于仿真的事故和救援需求,应用遗传算法求解,进行了仿真验证。(2)针对突发交通事故,如一般交通事故和危化品事故,提出了突发事故下高速公路应急车辆调度方法,针对突发交通事故,以救援响应时间为约束条件,提出一种基于直接成本的应急车辆调度方法,并以山东高速菏泽周围高速公路路网进行了实例验证。(3)从微观和宏观两个层次研究突发事故下的高速公路车辆分流方法,包括:突发事故下高速公路路段分流方法,突发事故下高速公路路网分流方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Expressway in our country, more and more vehicles entering the highway, and the highway vehicle speed is faster, leading to frequent accidents, accidents and serious consequences. The harm degree of this kind of accident is usually several times the ordinary traffic accident, and even a few times, not only harm the highway vehicle occupants life and property safety. But also to the expressway property harm. Traffic accidents often lead to traffic congestion, when highway traffic accidents occurred, not only harm the safety of public or private property, but also cause road congestion, causing serious impact on the normal operation of highway traffic, road traffic and even lead to paralysis. Therefore, the expressway emergency rescue and protect it become very important. Based on the expressway emergency resource allocation accident, emergency vehicles control Study of highway vehicle shunting method and conscientious, the specific work is as follows: (1) analysis of the emergency emergency accidents, summarizes the characteristics of unexpected accidents of expressway emergency rescue, construction of highway accidents in the minimum cost under the emergency resource allocation model based on the main consideration of the actual emergency resources the purchase and storage costs, and according to different depots rescue service level and the actual capacity allocation of emergency resources, rescue the rescue service level is higher, the greater capacity of configurable emergency resources more. At the same time the model also takes into account the cost of idle, due to past historical data after the accident statistics summarize the probability of an accident, which has a certain reference value for early configuration. Finally in Heze surrounding highway network as the application background, based on the simulation of the accident and rescue Demand, the application of genetic algorithm, simulated. (2) according to the traffic accident, such as traffic accidents and hazardous chemical accidents, and put forward the emergency vehicle scheduling method for accident highway, traffic accident to rescue response time constraints, proposed an emergency vehicle scheduling method of direct cost based in Shandong and around the Heze high speed highway network is verified. (3) from the highway vehicle micro and macro two levels of accidents under the diversion method including: highway accident emergency diversion method under the highway network distribution method.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.8

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