城市道路交通组合收费的关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 20:05

本文选题：城市交通拥堵　切入点：城市道路收费　出处：《山东理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,城市交通中道路拥堵问题已经严重影响了人类社会与经济的发展,因此逐渐受到了学者们的广泛关注。城市道路拥堵收费与城市停车收费作为交通需求管理的重要措施,已经在理论上被证明可以有效缓解城市交通中的拥堵,并被许多国际化城市所运用,且实施效果良好。本文把城市道路拥堵收费与城市停车收费两种交通需求管理措施相结合,利用经济学中的边际成本原理对城市道路组合收费策略的关键定价问题进行研究,以城市交通路网的收益最大化为目标,合理引导城市道路中的交通流量,调整出行者的交通行为方式,在不显著增加城市财政投入的基础上,达到缓解城市交通道路拥堵的目的。本文先从城市道路拥堵问题入手进行分析,分别阐述了城市停车收费策略与道路拥堵收费策略的原理、分类与效果,并深入探讨,确定城市道路拥堵收费与停车收费手段组合策略的可行性。其次,对于拥堵的瓶颈路段进行拥堵道路博弈分析,建立基于博弈的瓶颈路段组合收费定价模型,并对算例进行求解与分析,可以得出以下结论:该组合收费定价策略可以有效合理的调整瓶颈路段中的交通出行结构,从而达到有效缓解城市交通中的道路拥堵的目的。然后,对于拥堵的城市路网进行道路交通公平性分析,并建立基于基尼系数的组合收费定价模型,通过调整此组合定价模型中的控制参数,可以确定满足不同路网公平性需要下的组合收费定价,通过对算例的求解与结果分析,可以得出以下结论:该组合收费定价策略可以合理的调整城市拥堵路网中出行结构以及出行者的出行路线,在提高了城市道路交通公平性的同时,有效缓解城市路网中特殊路段的拥堵问题。最后,对组合定价策略进行综合分析,分别对两种定价策略的相同点及不同点进行阐述,并对实施组合策略的过程中可能遇到的问题进行讨论并提出相应的解决办法。
[Abstract]:At present, the problem of road congestion in urban traffic has seriously affected the development of human society and economy.As an important measure of traffic demand management, urban road congestion charge and urban parking charge have been proved to be effective in alleviating congestion in urban traffic in theory, and have been used in many international cities, and the effect is good.This paper combines the traffic demand management measures of urban road congestion charge with urban parking charge, and studies the key pricing problem of urban road combination pricing strategy by using the marginal cost principle in economics.With the goal of maximizing the income of urban traffic network, we can reasonably guide the traffic flow in urban roads, adjust the traffic behavior of travelers, and on the basis of not increasing the city financial investment significantly,The purpose of alleviating urban traffic congestion is achieved.This paper begins with the analysis of the problem of urban road congestion, expounds the principle, classification and effect of urban parking toll strategy and road congestion charging strategy, and probes into them deeply.The feasibility of combination strategy of congestion charge and parking charge is determined.Secondly, the game analysis of congested bottleneck section is carried out, and the pricing model based on game is established, and the example is solved and analyzed.The conclusion can be drawn as follows: the combination pricing strategy can effectively and reasonably adjust the traffic travel structure in the bottleneck section, so as to effectively alleviate the traffic congestion in urban traffic.Then, the fairness of road traffic in congested urban road network is analyzed, and the Gini coefficient based pricing model is established to adjust the control parameters of the combined pricing model.The combination pricing can be determined to meet the needs of fairness of different road networks.We can draw the following conclusions: the combination pricing strategy can reasonably adjust the travel structure and the travel route of the travelers in the urban congestion road network, and improve the fairness of urban road traffic at the same time.Effectively alleviate the problem of congestion in special sections of urban road network.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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