路中型BRT系统信号优先策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 01:03

本文选题：BRT系统　切入点：人工神经网络　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了缓解和抑制日益严峻的交通拥堵难题,世界各城市的交通管理者和研究者提出了建立公共交通为导向的交通发展模式,建立快捷、高效的公共交通服务系统。快速公交(Bus Rapid Transit,简称BRT)系统作为一种高效、快捷、经济、安全的公共交通模式,已得到了广泛的认可和快速的发展。而BRT信号优先技术的应用进一步提升了BRT系统的运营效率。在道路资源有限的情况下,公交信号优先控制作为公交优先技术的重要控制手段之一,其策略可靠、方案合理、功能全面的优先方法是提升BRT系统运营效率和服务水平的重要保障。本文通过查阅国内外大量的相关文献和研究成果,综合利用交通工程学、智能控制、交通仿真技术、网络优化技术及计算机软件工程等理论,结合BRT的运营特性和交通特性,对路中型BRT系统的信号优先控制方法展开研究,针对路中型BRT系统存在的问题,提出具有创新性的信号优先控制策略。首先,从我国大部分城市BRT系统运营特性及结构特点出发,分析了造成BRT公交车辆延误的关键变量。并综合以往对BRT系统信号优先控制的研究成果,与以往基于车头时距的信号优先策略研究不同,以往研究仅仅考虑了目标公交车辆的车头时距与计划发车间隔的关系,本论文提出的信号优先策略同时考虑了同线路相邻三辆BRT车辆之间的车头时距,能够更好的提高BRT车辆的均匀性,降低站台乘客候车延误。然后,通过对路中型BRT系统的运营数据分析发现,当路中型BRT系统的站台位于交叉口时,存在BRT车辆进出站排队过长,导致多次停车和溢流现象。针对上述问题,本论文创新性地提出了基于车头时距的公交信号优先和信号优先抑制相结合的控制策略。最后,根据提出的基于车头时距的路中型BRT系统信号优先控制策略,建立路中型BRT系统的信号优先控制模型,设计信号优先控制系统实现流程,并基于VISSIM仿真软件、VB.Net计算机编程、MySQL数据库等技术,以济南市实际路网为测试案例,对建立的模型进行仿真验证和敏感性分析,结果证明：该模型能够在不增加交叉口整体延误的前提下,能够有效降低乘客候车延误,改善交叉口处站台溢流情况。本论文提出的基于车头时距的信号优先控制策略,可以提高BRT车辆到达下游站点的均匀性,有效降低乘客候车延误；又创新性地将传统信号优先策略与信号优先抑制策略相结合,既降低了BRT公交乘客的延误,又有效缩短站台排队长度,减少了溢流现象,能够为城市交通管理者和公交运营者进行公交调度和信号设计提供较好的理论和方法支撑。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate and restrain the increasingly severe traffic congestion problem, traffic managers and researchers in cities around the world have proposed the establishment of a public transportation-oriented traffic development model to establish a fast and efficient public transport service system.As an efficient, fast, economical and safe mode of public transportation, bus Rapid transform (BRTT) system has been widely recognized and developed rapidly.The application of BRT signal priority technology further improves the operation efficiency of BRT system.Under the condition of limited road resources, bus signal priority control is one of the important control methods of bus priority technology. Its strategy is reliable and the scheme is reasonable.The functional priority method is an important guarantee to improve the efficiency and service level of BRT system.Through consulting a large number of relevant literature and research results at home and abroad, this paper synthetically utilizes the theories of traffic engineering, intelligent control, traffic simulation, network optimization and computer software engineering, and combines the operation characteristics and traffic characteristics of BRT.The signal priority control method of medium BRT system is studied, and an innovative signal priority control strategy is proposed to solve the problems existing in the medium BRT system.Firstly, based on the operational and structural characteristics of BRT system in most cities of China, the key variables causing delay of BRT bus are analyzed.Based on the previous research results of signal priority control in BRT system, different from the previous research on signal priority strategy based on head-distance, the previous research only considered the relationship between the headway of the target bus and the planned departure interval.The signal priority strategy proposed in this paper also takes into account the headway distance between three BRT vehicles adjacent to the same line, which can improve the uniformity of BRT vehicles and reduce the delay of platform passengers.Then, by analyzing the operation data of the medium BRT system, it is found that when the platform of the medium BRT system is located at the intersection, there is a long queue of BRT vehicles in and out of the system, which leads to the phenomenon of stopping and overflow many times.Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a new control strategy which combines bus signal priority and signal priority suppression based on head-distance.Finally, according to the proposed signal priority control strategy of road and medium BRT system based on head-distance, the signal priority control model of road and medium BRT system is established, and the realization flow of signal priority control system is designed.Based on the VISSIM simulation software VB.Net computer programming and VISSIM database technology, taking the actual road network in Jinan as a test case, the simulation verification and sensitivity analysis of the established model are carried out.The results show that the model can effectively reduce the passenger delay and improve the platform overflow at the intersection without increasing the overall delay at the intersection.In this paper, the signal priority control strategy based on head-distance is proposed, which can improve the uniformity of BRT vehicles to the downstream stations, and effectively reduce the delay of passengers waiting.The traditional signal priority strategy and signal priority suppression strategy are innovatively combined, which not only reduces the delay of BRT bus passengers, but also effectively shortens the queue length of the platform and reduces the overflow phenomenon.It can provide better theory and method support for urban traffic manager and bus operator to carry out bus dispatch and signal design.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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