基于性能的公路梁桥抗震评估中的地震波选择研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 05:02

本文选题：公路梁桥　切入点：抗震性能评估　出处：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国各级公路体系中,梁式桥数量最多,在历次大地震中震害也最严重,阻碍了抗震救灾、增加了次生灾害。目前,很多公路梁桥经过多年运营后技术状况水平每况愈下,更加导致了抗震能力的严重不足,在强震作用下极易发生重大破坏。对公路梁桥进行定期的抗震性能评估,并依据评估结果采取有针对性的抗震加固维修措施,是提高桥梁地震安全性的重要手段。但是,目前我国对于桥梁抗震性能评估既无相关的规范和标准可以遵循,也没有成熟的评估体系和方法可以参照实施。而且,由于国内外的桥梁结构形式、桥梁抗震规范等具有显著差异,国外的相关研究成果并不能直接应用于我国。因此,迫切需要对我国公路梁桥抗震性能评估方法展开深入研究。目前,以全概率理论为基础、基于性能的地震工程学理论(Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering,PBEE)已被国际上公认为未来结构抗震设计理论的发展方向,其核心部分——地震易损性分析不但可以应用于新建桥梁的抗震设计,也同样适用于已建桥梁的抗震性能评估。因此,本文将桥梁地震易损性分析方法应用于公路梁桥的两阶段抗震性能评估体系中,特别是在详细评估阶段。并针对PBEE理论强调地震学与结构抗震的有机结合这一重要特点,对以非线性动力时程分析方法为主的桥梁地震易损性分析中地震波的合理选择这一关键问题进行研究。论文的主要工作包括：1.对国内外有关公路桥梁抗震性能评估的研究成果进行较为全面的综述,并对桥梁地震易损性分析理论进行研究；2.针对包含初步评估和详细评估的两阶段公路梁桥抗震性能评估体系,将桥梁地震易损性分析作为公路梁桥抗震性能评估的重要方法,应用于详细评估阶段；3.针对PBEE以全概率理论为基础、强调地震学与结构抗震的有机结合这一重要特点,研究地震波反应谱的概率分布特性(如均值、方差、概率分布等)对桥梁地震易损性分析的重要影响；4.针对基于地震易损性分析的公路梁桥抗震性能详细评估方法,在不改变实际地震波原始特性的前提下,提出了一种基于目标谱匹配的实际地震波优化选择方法。
[Abstract]:In the highway system of all levels in our country, the number of girder bridges is the largest, and the earthquake damage is the most serious in all the major earthquakes, which hinders the earthquake relief and increases secondary disasters.At present, after many years of operation, the technical level of many highway girder bridges is deteriorating, which leads to the serious shortage of seismic capacity, and it is easy to cause serious damage under the action of strong earthquake.It is an important means to improve the seismic safety of highway girder bridges by evaluating their seismic performance regularly and taking targeted seismic reinforcement and maintenance measures according to the evaluation results.However, at present, there are no relevant norms and standards for the seismic performance evaluation of bridges in China, nor are there any mature evaluation systems and methods to be applied.Moreover, due to the significant differences in bridge structure form and seismic code at home and abroad, the related research results from abroad can not be directly applied in China.Therefore, there is an urgent need for in-depth research on seismic performance evaluation methods of highway beam bridges in China.At present, based on full probability theory and performance-based seismic engineering theory, performance based Earthquake engineering theory has been recognized as the development direction of seismic design theory in the future.The seismic vulnerability analysis, the core part of it, can not only be applied to the seismic design of newly built bridges, but also to the seismic performance evaluation of the bridges that have been built.Therefore, in this paper, the seismic vulnerability analysis method of bridges is applied to the two-stage seismic performance evaluation system of highway girder bridges, especially in the detailed evaluation stage.In view of the important characteristics of PBEE theory which emphasizes the organic combination of seismology and seismic resistance of structures, the key problem of the rational selection of seismic wave in seismic vulnerability analysis of bridges, which is based on nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis method, is studied.The main work of the thesis includes 1: 1.This paper summarizes the research results of seismic performance assessment of highway bridges at home and abroad, and studies the theory of seismic vulnerability analysis of bridges.Aiming at the aseismic performance evaluation system of two-stage highway beam bridges which includes preliminary evaluation and detailed evaluation, the seismic vulnerability analysis of bridges is considered as an important method for seismic performance evaluation of highway beam bridges, which is applied to the detailed evaluation stage.In view of the fact that PBEE is based on the theory of full probability and emphasizes the organic combination of seismology and seismic resistance of structures, the probability distribution characteristics of seismic response spectrum (such as mean value, variance) are studied.The important influence of probability distribution on seismic vulnerability analysis of bridges.Aiming at the detailed evaluation method of seismic performance of highway beam bridges based on seismic vulnerability analysis, a method of optimal selection of actual seismic waves based on target spectrum matching is proposed without changing the original characteristics of actual seismic waves.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442.55

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