面向通勤需求的城市定制公交线网优化

发布时间：2018-04-06 04:13

本文选题：定制公交　切入点：通勤信息　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：早晚通勤时段,交通需求较高,按固定线路行驶、固定时刻表发车的常规公交服务效率低下,无法吸引采用私家车出行的乘客主动转移交通出行方式,导致城市高峰出行时段,道路交通拥堵、道路资源利用率低、居民出行速度与舒适度受到影响。定制公交作为一种新型的公交服务模式,是对传统公共交通服务模式的补充,能满足乘客丰富多元的出行需求。但是定制公交发展历史较短,多数城市开通的定制公交覆盖率低、线网规划混乱、无法适应居民通勤出行需求。本文在分析国内外相关研究的基础上,结合城市居民通勤需求信息,设计了定制公交系统优化的架构,着重研究了定制公交客流集散区的划分方法,并在客流集散区内建立行车路径优化模型,最大限度的服务乘客,满足大多数使用定制公交的乘客的出行需求。首先,针对定制公交的特点,确定了定制公交线网优化的方法,在传统聚类算法的基础上,综合考虑站点的客流量与区域的运力配置,设计了客流集散区的划分算法,通勤客流在客流集散区的上车区域乘车,在下车区域下车,上车与下车区域之间一站直达体现定制公交较高的服务水平。其次,根据居民通勤出行的时间窗信息,在上车区域中,结合站点的分时段时间窗特性,建立了上车路径优化模型并设计了一种评价式启发算法对模型进行求解。然后,以车辆的行驶时间成本、人流群的步行时间成本最低为目标,在下车区域中,建立了基于单车辆的行车路径优化模型,并运用遗传算法寻求最优站点。最后,基于以上建立的客流集散区内路径优化模型与求解算法,结合算例进行分析,分别得到集散区内开行的定制公交数目、车辆的行车路径以及车辆的到达时刻表,以居民通勤信息为基础,建立了早晚通勤定制公交开行路线以及线路时刻表。
[Abstract]:In the morning and evening commuting time, the traffic demand is high, the regular public transport service with fixed route and fixed timetable is inefficient, and the passengers who use private cars can not be attracted to transfer the traffic mode actively, which leads to the rush travel time of the city.Road traffic congestion, low utilization of road resources, residents travel speed and comfort affected.As a new mode of public transport service, custom-built public transportation is a supplement to the traditional mode of public transport service, which can meet the diverse travel needs of passengers.But the development history of custom-built public transportation is short, the coverage rate of custom-built public transportation is low, and the network planning is chaotic, so it can not meet the needs of residents commuting.Based on the analysis of relevant research at home and abroad and combined with the information of urban residents' commuting demand, this paper designs the framework of customized bus system optimization, and focuses on the division method of custom-built bus passenger flow distribution area.And in the passenger flow distribution area to establish the traffic path optimization model to maximize the service passengers to meet the travel needs of most of the passengers using customized public transport.First of all, according to the characteristics of customized public transportation, the optimization method of customized bus network is determined. On the basis of the traditional clustering algorithm, the partition algorithm of passenger flow distribution area is designed, considering the passenger flow of the station and the distribution of regional transportation capacity synthetically.Commuter passenger flow in the passenger flow distribution area in the boarding area, in the alighting area to get off, a stop between boarding and getting off the area to reflect the high level of customized public transport service.Secondly, according to the time window information of residents commuting, in the boarding area, combined with the time window characteristics of the station, the optimization model of the bus route is established and an evaluation heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the model.Then, aiming at the cost of vehicle travel time and the minimum cost of walking time of passenger flow group, a vehicle route optimization model based on single vehicle is established in the alighting area, and the genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal station.Finally, based on the above established passenger flow distribution area path optimization model and algorithm, combined with the analysis of examples, the number of custom-built public transport, the vehicle route and the arrival schedule of the vehicle in the distributed area are obtained respectively.Based on the residents' commuting information, the morning and evening commuting custom bus route and route schedule are established.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17

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