基于GIS的浙江省高速公路大雾灾害风险区划

发布时间：2018-04-06 04:27

本文选题：大雾　切入点：高速公路　出处：《气象科技》2017年04期

【摘要】：大雾是影响高速公路交通安全与运营效率的最主要的灾害天气之一。基于2004—2013年浙江省68个气象站大雾观测资料、基础地理信息数据以及高速公路历史灾情数据,开展浙江省高速公路大雾灾害风险区划研究。依据自然灾害风险分析原理,构建高速公路大雾灾害风险区划指标体系,以浙江省大雾出现的频次和持续时间作为大雾灾害的危险性评价指标;以因大雾导致的高速公路交通事故率、高速公路封路频次和持续时间作为脆弱性评价指标;以高速公路客运量和货运量作为暴露性评价指标。在ArcGIS的空间信息技术支持下,采用层次分析法和综合评价方法,建立了高速公路大雾灾害风险评估模型,最终完成浙江省高速公路大雾灾害风险区划图。区划结果表明,高风险区路段占全省路段总长的15.13%,主要分布在申嘉湖高速南浔段以及嘉善段、杭州湾环线高速萧山至越城段、杭州绕城西线高速、常台高速上虞至嵊州段、诸永高速诸暨至磐安段、沪昆高速诸暨段以及柯城段。
[Abstract]:Fog is one of the most important disaster weather affecting highway traffic safety and operation efficiency.Based on the fog observation data of 68 meteorological stations in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2013, the basic geographic information data and the historical disaster data of expressway, the study on the risk regionalization of heavy fog disaster in Zhejiang Province was carried out.According to the principle of natural disaster risk analysis, the index system of highway fog hazard risk regionalization is constructed, and the frequency and duration of fog occurrence in Zhejiang Province are taken as the risk assessment index of heavy fog disaster.The expressway traffic accident rate, highway road closure frequency and duration are taken as the vulnerability evaluation index, and the expressway passenger and freight traffic volume are taken as the exposure evaluation index, and the highway traffic accident rate, the highway road closure frequency and the duration due to fog are taken as the vulnerability evaluation index.With the support of spatial information technology of ArcGIS, the risk assessment model of expressway fog disaster is established by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, the risk zoning map of expressway fog disaster in Zhejiang Province is completed.The results show that the section of high risk area accounts for 15.13% of the total length of the whole province, and mainly distributes in the section of Shenjia Lake High Speed Nanxun Section and Jiashan Section, the section of Hangzhou Bay Ring Line between Xiaoshan and Yuecheng, the section of Hangzhou Roundabout West Line, and the section of Changtai High Speed from Shangyu to Shengzhou.Zhuyong Expressway from Zhuji to Panan, Hu-Kunming Expressway Zhuji and Kecheng section.
【作者单位】：浙江省气象服务中心;
【基金】：浙江省科技厅公益性技术研究社会发展重点项目“浙江省高速公路气象风险区划及预报预警服务技术研究”(2014C23003) 浙江省气象局精细化专业气象服务技术“创新团队”项目“高速公路气象灾害风险评估技术研究”(2013ZD08)资助
【分类号】：P429;U492.8

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