基于路段机动车速度影响的城市道路不同类型出入口接入条件研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 13:01

本文选题：无排队出入口　切入点：排队出入口　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市道路两侧土地开发利用强度的增加,道路两侧出入口的数量不断增长,一方面提高了用地区域的可达性,使得车辆能够更加方便地抵达目的地,另外一方面,出入口车辆的频繁进出,则会对主路直行交通流造成一定的负面影响。为了协调道路的可达性和通过性之间的关系,使得道路的服务效率最大化,本文探讨了不同类型单个出入口车辆运行特性对主路机动车交通流造成的动态影响,以及多个出入口之间相互影响,并提出城市道路路段出入口接入条件和出入口优化组织策略。首先本文综合分析了国内外出入口的研究现状,归纳并总结了前人研究成果和不足之处,在此基础上提炼出本文的研究内容。然后针对研究对象进行交通调查,根据调查数据分析出入口处的车辆运行特性和出入口路段的基本交通特性,车辆运行特性包括驶离主路车辆的到达、离去以及在机动车道停留的时间,路段交通特性包括车头时距、流量、速度和车辆换道时间。依据车辆到达率和离去率划分出入口类型：根据转向车辆停留时间区分不同出入口类型对主路的影响。在单个出入口对主路的影响方面,分别就无排队出入口和排队出入口不同车道建立了路段初始速度模型,然后基于跟驰减速、受阻换道、排队占道三种不同影响机理,建立了出入口影响条件下的速度影响模型,运用交通调查数据对模型进行标定和参数敏感性分析。接着提出速度影响区概念,基于波动理论和速度影响模型,建立了各车道速度影响区长度模型,并对其中的驶离影响时间、换道车辆速度差、占道车辆排队长度等关键变量进行了参数敏感性分析。无排队出入口外侧车道的速度影响区长度大于中间和内侧车道影响区,排队出入口被占用车道相邻车道的速度影响区长度的决定性因素是排队长度。在不同类型出入口组合影响研究时,利用仿真软件工具,采取before-after的试验方法,主要研究了上游出入口对下游出入口速度影响区范围内交通运行状况的影响,以行程时间作为对比指标。得到路段流量、出入口转向比、排队长度等试验因子对下游出入口影响区范围行程时间的一般影响规律,并利用Lasso回归的方法得到了不同类型组合的行程时间计算公式,评定了不同试验因子的影响强弱程度。最后,选取路段平均车速为评价指标,基于前文关于单个出入口和多个出入口的研究成果,采用路段多区段加权平均的方式计算路段平均车速,以满足路段服务水平为目标,提出城市道路出入口合理接入条件的判定流程和出入口优化组织策略。本文通过描述解析了城市道路出入口处的交通运行特性和交通流特性,深入理解了不同类型出入口对城市道路不同车道的影响作用机理及上下游出入口之间的相互影响机理。提出出入口速度影响区概念,从城市道路运行效率的角度出发,为出入口间距的确定提供了参考方法和依据。
[Abstract]:With the city on both sides of the road land use intensity increase, on both sides of the road entrance to the growing number of one hand to improve the accessibility of the region, so that the vehicle can be more convenient to reach the destination, on the other hand, frequent entrance out of the vehicle, will be on the main road straight traffic flow have a negative impact sure. In order to coordinate the road accessibility and through the relationship between the maximization of road service efficiency, this paper discusses the different types of single operation characteristics of dynamic effects caused by vehicle entrance to the main road traffic flow, and the mutual influence between a plurality of entrance, and put forward the city road entrance access entrance conditions and optimization strategy for organization. First this paper analyzes the research status at home and abroad entrance, and summarizes the previous research achievements and shortcomings, on this basis Refine the content of this paper. Then the traffic survey based on the research object, according to the traffic characteristics of survey data analysis at the entrance and exit sections of the basic traffic characteristics, including the characteristics of the vehicle off the main road running vehicles arrival, departure time and stay in the vehicle, road traffic characteristics including headway, traffic speed, and lane changing time. According to the vehicle arrival rate and departure rate divided into types: according to the vehicle entrance residence time different entrance type effect on the main road. The effect of single entrance to the main road side, respectively, without queuing and exit the queue entrance lane established different sections of initial velocity based on the model, then the following deceleration, blocked change, queuing lane and three different influence mechanism, set up the entrance effects under the conditions of velocity model, the use of traffic The survey data analysis was carried out on the model calibration and parameter sensitivity. Then the speed affected zone concept, impact wave theory and model based on the velocity, the establishment of a model of the effect of the length of time of departure and lane speed, the vehicle speed, lane change, road vehicle queue length key variable parameter sensitivity analysis was conducted. No queuing outside lane entrance velocity affected zone length is greater than the middle and the inside lane affected zone, queuing entrance occupied Lane adjacent lane speed affected zone length of the decisive factor is the queue length. In the study of effects of combination of different types of the entrance, by using the simulation software tools, adopt before-after test methods, mainly on the upstream the entrance to the downstream effects of entrance velocity within the affected zone traffic condition, travel time as compared to link flow index. The amount of entrance, steering ratio, queue length of the downstream entrance effect factor test general influence range of travel time, and using the method of Lasso regression obtained the travel time of different types of combination formula, evaluation test of different factors influencing the strength degree. Finally, select the average link speed as the evaluation index. Above a single entrance and a number of research results based on the road entrance, multi section weighted average method to calculate the average link speed, to meet the road service level as the goal, the city road entrance reasonable access conditions determine the entrance flow and optimization strategy for organization. This paper describes the analysis of the city road entrance the traffic characteristics and traffic flow characteristics, in-depth understanding of the different types of entrance to the city road effect mechanism of different lanes and a downstream The mechanism of interaction between entries is put forward. The concept of entry speed impact area is put forward. From the perspective of urban road operation efficiency, it provides a reference method and basis for determining the distance between the entry and exit.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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