基于SEM模型福建沿海港口吸引力研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 19:01

本文选题：港口　切入点：吸引力　出处：《上海海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国规划的五大港口群从北到南依次为环渤海地区港口群体、长江三角洲地区港口群体、东南沿海地区港口群体,珠江三角洲地区港口群和西南沿海地区港口群体。在这五大港口群体中福建沿海地区港口群,即东南沿海地区港口群实力较弱,发展落后。21世纪海上丝绸之路的建设为福建带来机遇,泉州港有幸被联合国科教文组织认定是唯一的海上丝绸之路起点。因此,福建应抓住机遇,大力发展港口经济,加快建设,发展壮大港口群,提升港口市场吸引力,吸引更多的投资者,从而带动地区经济发展,使福建逐步从“海洋大省”向“海洋强省”的方向迈进。本文从提升福建港口吸引力的角度出发,基于SEM方法论,构建内生变量,外生变量和主观变量。其中内生变量评估港口基础设施特征,外生变量评估港口所在城市的经济发展水平,主观变量评估港口声誉。选取货物吞吐量、泊位数、泊位长度作为衡量港口基础设施特征的指标;地区GDP、进出口、实际利用外商直接投资作为衡量城市经济发展水平的指标;集装箱航线、集装箱年通过能力作为衡量港口声誉的指标。采用描述性统计分析,相关性分析,结构方程分析对选取的8个指标进行实证研究。描述性统计分析结果显示:福建沿海港口的港口基础设施仍需进一步完善,地区经济发展水平落后,港口运营效率低下。相关关系分析结果显示:8个指标中货物吞吐量、港口泊位数、泊位长度具有较高的正相关关系。地区GDP、进出口、实际利用外商直接投资具有较高的正相关关系。集装箱航线和集装箱年通过能力具有较高的正相关关系。这8个指标在组内相互之间均具有较高的相关关系,证明选取的指标可以用于构建港口吸引力结构方程模型。结构方程分析结果显示:内生变量,外生变量和主观变量三者同时影响港口吸引力,且主观变量对港口吸引力影响力最强,其次是内生变量,最后是外生变量。本文依据实证分析得出的结论,给政策制定者和投资者给出以下建议:一、港口基础设施方面,加快建设深水码头和深水航道,优化港口运输布局,完善港口公共配套设施。二、港口运营效率方面,优化通关环境、提高通关效率,营造良好的航运环境,大力发展港口物流。三、综合性方面规划建设高水平陆地港网络,积极拓展港口经济腹地;且由于福建与台湾地缘深、血缘亲、文缘深、商缘广、法缘久,应加强港航交流,促进形成闽台跨海峡港口群。
[Abstract]:The five port groups planned in China from north to south are port groups in Bohai Rim region, Yangtze River Delta region, Southeast Coastal region, Pearl River Delta region and Southwest Coastal area.Among these five port groups, the port group of Fujian coastal area, that is, the port group of southeast coastal area, is weak, and the construction of the maritime Silk Road in the 21st century has brought opportunities to Fujian.Quanzhou Port was fortunate to be recognized by UNESCO as the only starting point of the Maritime Silk Road.Therefore, Fujian should seize the opportunity to vigorously develop the port economy, speed up the construction, expand the port group, enhance the attraction of the port market, attract more investors, and thus promote the regional economic development.Make Fujian gradually from "big ocean province" to "ocean strong province" direction.Based on the SEM methodology, this paper constructs endogenous variables, exogenous variables and subjective variables from the point of view of enhancing the attraction of Fujian ports.The endogenous variables evaluate the characteristics of port infrastructure, the exogenous variables evaluate the economic development level of the city where the port is located, and the subjective variable evaluates the port reputation.Select cargo throughput, berth number, berth length as indicators to measure the characteristics of port infrastructure; region GDP, import and export, the actual use of foreign direct investment as indicators to measure the level of urban economic development; container routes,Container year capacity as a measure of port reputation.Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation analysis are used to analyze the eight selected indicators.The results of descriptive statistical analysis show that the port infrastructure of Fujian coastal ports still needs to be further improved, the level of regional economic development is backward, and the port operation efficiency is low.The results of correlation analysis show that the cargo throughput, port berth number and berth length have high positive correlation among the eight indexes.Regional GDP, import and export, the actual use of foreign direct investment has a high positive correlation.There is a high positive correlation between container routes and container annual capacity.The eight indexes are highly correlated with each other in the group. It is proved that the selected indexes can be used to construct the structural equation model of port attraction.The results of structural equation analysis show that: endogenous variables exogenous variables and subjective variables simultaneously affect port attractiveness and subjective variables have the strongest influence on port attractiveness followed by endogenous variables and finally exogenous variables.Based on the conclusions of the empirical analysis, this paper gives the following suggestions to the policy makers and investors: first, in terms of port infrastructure, speed up the construction of deep-water wharf and deep-water channel, optimize the port transport layout, and improve the port public supporting facilities.Second, in terms of port operation efficiency, we should optimize the customs clearance environment, improve customs clearance efficiency, create a good shipping environment, and vigorously develop port logistics.Third, comprehensive planning and construction of a high-level land port network to actively expand the port economic hinterland; and because Fujian and Taiwan are geographically deep, closely related to each other, close to each other, close to the text, extensive business, and long history, Hong Kong and shipping exchanges should be strengthened.Promote the formation of Fujian-Taiwan cross-Strait port group.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F552.7

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