高温环境下LPG罐式集装箱的热响应数值模拟

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:34

本文选题：液化石油气 + 罐式集装箱　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家经济建设的快速发展,危险货物的应用已经渗入石油化工、国防科技、科学研究的方方面面,危险货物运输造成的人员伤亡与财产损失等事故也逐渐呈现高发势态,其中液化气体的泄露、罐体爆炸、火灾事故占主要的部分。本文以LPG罐式集装箱为研究对象,对其处于高温环境的热响应过程进行模拟研究,分析热响应过程的主要影响因素,为运输企业预测、预防事故的发生、控制事故的恶化提供理论支撑。本文主要从以下几方面进行研究:第一,概述了国内外罐式集装箱热响应研究的主要内容以及所取得的研究成果。列举了罐式集装箱的分类、运输安全要求,并对罐式集装箱运输安全的影响因素进行详细的分析,然后把温度、充装量、壁厚作为主要的影响因素进行分析。第二,建立了LPG罐式集装箱处于高温环境时的热响应物理模型与数学模型,依据质量守恒、能量守衡方程,应用RNGk-?湍流模型对热响应过程的流体流动进行研究;应用VOF模型处理热响应中的两相流动;把罐式集装箱外壁与高温环境的热对流与热辐射、罐内介质的流动、罐内壁与介质的对流作为边界条件计算,建立了LPG罐式集装箱热响应的三维几何模型,对罐式集装箱进行了热响应数值模拟。第三,采用FLUENT软件进行LPG罐式集装箱的热响应数值模拟。在处理边界条件的过程中改变初始高温环境、充装量和壁厚等条件,得到罐式集装箱热响应的温度场、压力场、流场的热响应工况图,并对模拟结果进行对比分析,得到不同高温、充装量、壁厚对最大壁温、介质最高温度、罐内最高压力的影响规律,进而对LPG罐式集装箱的安全运输提出建议。热响应数值模拟结果表明,当LPG罐式集装箱处于高温环境中时,罐内介质液相区和气相区都有明显的热分层,而且气相区温度明显高于液相区温度,罐壁最高温度出现在气相区顶部。处于高温环境中的LPG罐式集装箱,罐式集装箱的充装率越高,罐体内部压力变化速度越快,与此相反罐内介质的温度变化速度越慢;外界环境温度越高,罐式集装箱压力、最大壁温、内部介质温度响应速度越快,外界的高温环境对壁温的影响比较显著;罐式集装箱壁厚增加,罐内压力、壁温以及内部介质温度的变化速度减慢,壁厚对最大壁温的影响可以忽略不计。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economic construction, the application of dangerous goods has permeated all aspects of petrochemical industry, national defense science and technology, and scientific research. Accidents caused by dangerous goods transportation, such as casualties and property losses, have gradually assumed a high incidence.The leakage of liquefied gas, explosion of tank, fire accident is the main part.This paper takes LPG tank container as the research object, simulates the thermal response process of the container in high temperature environment, analyzes the main influencing factors of the thermal response process, predicts the transportation enterprise and prevents the accident.Control the deterioration of the accident to provide theoretical support.The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: firstly, the main contents and achievements of the thermal response research of tank containers are summarized at home and abroad.The classification and transportation safety requirements of tank container are listed, and the influencing factors of tank container transportation safety are analyzed in detail. Then, temperature, filling quantity and wall thickness are taken as the main influencing factors.Secondly, the physical model and mathematical model of thermal response of LPG tank container in high temperature environment are established. According to mass conservation and energy conservation equation, RNGk-?The turbulent model is used to study the fluid flow in the process of thermal response, the VOF model is used to deal with the two-phase flow in the thermal response, the thermal convection and radiation in the outer wall of the tank container and the high temperature environment, the flow of the medium in the tank,The convection between the inner wall of the tank and the medium is taken as the boundary condition, and the three-dimensional geometric model of the thermal response of the LPG tank container is established, and the numerical simulation of the thermal response of the tank container is carried out.Thirdly, FLUENT software is used to simulate the thermal response of LPG tank container.By changing the initial high temperature environment, filling quantity and wall thickness in the process of dealing with boundary conditions, the temperature field, pressure field and flow field of the tank container thermal response are obtained, and the simulation results are compared and analyzed.The effects of high temperature, filling quantity and wall thickness on the maximum wall temperature, the highest temperature of the medium and the maximum pressure in the tank are obtained, and some suggestions for the safe transportation of the LPG tank container are put forward.The numerical simulation results of thermal response show that, when the LPG container is in high temperature, there are obvious thermal stratification in the liquid and gas zone of the medium in the tank, and the temperature in the gas phase is obviously higher than that in the liquid phase.The maximum temperature of the wall appears at the top of the gas phase.In the high temperature environment of LPG tank container, the higher the filling rate of the tank container is, the faster the internal pressure changes, the slower the temperature change of the medium in the tank, the higher the external temperature, the higher the pressure of the tank container.The maximum wall temperature, the faster the temperature response speed of the internal medium, the more significant the influence of the external high temperature environment on the wall temperature, the increase of the wall thickness of the tank container, the decrease of the change speed of the inside pressure, the wall temperature and the internal medium temperature,The effect of wall thickness on the maximum wall temperature is negligible.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U169.3

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