VANET中基于实时交通估计的多跳广播路由算法研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 05:17

本文选题：VANET + 多跳广播路由　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：智能交通系统(Intelligent Transport System,ITS)是将现代通信技术、网络传感技术、云端和移动计算技术、智能终端和车路协同技术、智能时空网络控制技术等高新技术应用于整个交通管理体系,实现人车路更加全面的感知、更深度和更灵活的信息共享,对交通流实施动态监管和网络化智能控制,从而建立起一种广域、全方位的,实时、高效、精确的综合运输和管理系统。而车辆自组织网络(Vehicular Ad hoc Network, VANET)为车辆及路边单元间通信和ITS系统数据传输提供重要的系统支撑。鉴于车联网的高度动态的网络拓扑,有限的链路带宽和信道质量,通信距离有限和多跳自组织等特点,VANET网络研究中的一个关键问题是设计能够在各节点之间提供高链路质量、高接入效率及高传输可靠性的网络路由协议。从近期智能交通的需求和技术发展角度,VANET路由协议的研究主要集中在满足交通安全告警和实时路况广播两方面,这两种业务均需要通过广播和多跳转发的方式将信息传递给一定区域内的所有通信节点。近年来已有很多国内外的学者针对VANET中多跳广播路由协议中转发节点个数的抑制和安全广播信息传输的效率做了深入的研究,并提出了不少有效的方案。但总体来讲,一方面性能的提升,总会导致其他性能的削弱,各方案的整体效率依然不能满足车辆通信的应用需求。本文主要针对VANET网络的特点,提出一种基于实时交通估计的综合加权多跳广播路由算法(MBR-RTE)。本论文首次将实时交通估计在车辆和路况信息预判方面的优势应用到广播路由协议中,并设计综合加权算法合理选择转发节点,此外为进一步提高系统的可靠性,我们还采用了超时重传机制。理论分析和网络仿真结果均表明,与传统泛洪式算法和时隙坚持算法相比,本算法极大地减少了广播数据的冗余量,提高了网络资源利用率,保证了多跳广播路由的实时性和可靠性,该算法能够很好地满足高速环境下车联网安全信息高效可靠广播。
[Abstract]:Intelligent Transport system is an application of modern communication technology, network sensing technology, cloud and mobile computing technology, intelligent terminal and vehicle-road cooperation technology, intelligent space-time network control technology to the whole traffic management system.To achieve more comprehensive perception, deeper and more flexible information sharing, dynamic supervision and networked intelligent control of traffic flow, thus establishing a wide area, omnidirectional, real-time and efficient,Accurate integrated transportation and management system.Vehicle Ad hoc Network (VANET) provides important system support for communication between vehicle and roadside unit and data transmission in ITS system.In view of the characteristics of highly dynamic network topology, limited link bandwidth and channel quality, limited communication distance and multi-hop self-organization, a key problem in the research of VANET network is that it can provide high link quality between nodes.Network routing protocol with high access efficiency and high transmission reliability.The research of VANET routing protocol mainly focuses on meeting traffic safety alarm and real-time traffic condition broadcast from the perspective of the demand of intelligent transportation and the development of technology in the near future.Both services need to transmit information to all communication nodes in a certain area by broadcast and multi-hop transmission.In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad have done in-depth research on the suppression of the number of forwarding nodes in VANET multi-hop broadcast routing protocol and the efficiency of secure broadcast information transmission, and put forward many effective schemes.But generally speaking, on the one hand, the improvement of performance always leads to the weakening of other performance, and the overall efficiency of each scheme still can not meet the application requirements of vehicle communication.In this paper, according to the characteristics of VANET network, a comprehensive weighted multi-hop broadcast routing algorithm based on real-time traffic estimation is proposed.In this paper, the advantages of real-time traffic estimation in vehicle and road information prejudgment are applied to broadcast routing protocols for the first time, and a comprehensive weighted algorithm is designed to select the forwarding nodes reasonably, in order to further improve the reliability of the system.We also use the timeout retransmission mechanism.Theoretical analysis and network simulation results show that compared with the traditional flooding algorithm and slot persistence algorithm, this algorithm greatly reduces the redundancy of broadcast data and improves the utilization of network resources.The real-time and reliability of multi-hop broadcast routing is guaranteed, and the algorithm can well meet the needs of high speed environment and high efficient and reliable broadcast of the security information of alighting network.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495

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