基于数据包络分析的我国主要港口效率研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 07:04

本文选题：数据包络分析 + 港口效率　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：“两带一路”战略的提出,为我国港口企业带来巨大的发展机遇。港口作为运输网络中的枢纽,既是公铁运输的起点或终点,更是水上运输的重要支撑,并且港口对一个地区的对外贸易和工商业具有很强的带动作用。在巨大的发展机遇下,如何提高港口的竞争力成为决策者所关心的问题。港口的效率是港口竞争力的重要体现,对港口效率的有效评价,有利于各港口了解自身效率水平,以及影响港口效率的因素,找出其与先进港口的差距,为港口的资源配置和管理优化提供指导,对于港口竞争力提升和持续发展具有深远意义。本文对研究港口效率的方法进行分析,通过比较后文章采用数据包络分析法(DEA)对我国主要港口效率进行研究。然而传统DEA模型无法进行全排列,并且未考虑不同的外部环境和随机误差对港口效率的影响,也未将碳排放等非期望产出纳入到港口效率研究中。针对这三个问题,文章分别构建了基于平衡指数的港口效率全排列模型,三阶段DEA港口效率模型和SBM-DEA港口环境效率评价模型。首先,运用传统DEA模型测度出我国主要港口效率,并对结果进行分析,针对结果中同时有效的决策单元,运用平衡指数方法实现了决策单元的全排列,对我国港口的效率现状有了一个更直观的认识;其次,针对效率无效港口,用随机前沿分析对投入差额值进行回归,剔除环境因素和随机误差对效率的影响,并用调整后的投入值再一次计算港口效率,单纯的从管理角度分析我国港口效率,为港口企业的资源配置和管理水平的提升指明方向;最后,文章建立港口环境效率评价模型,有效的分析碳排放对港口效率的影响,并与未考虑碳排放时的港口效率进行比较。研究结果表明:我国港口综合效率较低,规模无效是主要原因,有投入过剩和产出不足的现象存在;不同的外部环境对港口效率存在影响,剔除掉环境因素和随机误差之后,港口纯技术效率普遍提高;对比调整前后港口效率值,所处外部环境较好的港口,综合效率值降低,而外部环境和运气相对较差的港口效率值提高,被低估的港口效率得以恢复;碳排放对我国港口效率造成负影响,效率值普遍降低。
[Abstract]:The strategy of "two belts and one Road" brings great development opportunities for Chinese port enterprises.As the hub of transportation network, port is not only the starting point or end of rail transportation, but also the important support of water transportation, and the port has a strong driving effect on the foreign trade and industry and commerce of a region.Under the huge development opportunity, how to improve the competitiveness of the port becomes the concern of the decision makers.The efficiency of the port is an important embodiment of the competitiveness of the port. The effective evaluation of the efficiency of the port is helpful for each port to understand its own efficiency level, as well as the factors affecting the efficiency of the port, and to find out the gap between the port efficiency and the advanced port.It is of great significance to improve the competitiveness and sustainable development of the port by providing guidance for the resource allocation and management optimization of the port.In this paper, the method of studying port efficiency is analyzed, and the efficiency of main ports in China is studied by means of data Envelopment Analysis (DEAA) after comparison.However, the traditional DEA model can not be fully arranged and does not take into account the impact of different external environment and random errors on port efficiency, nor does it include non-expected outputs such as carbon emissions into the port efficiency research.In order to solve these three problems, the paper constructs the full permutation model of port efficiency based on equilibrium index, the three-stage DEA port efficiency model and the SBM-DEA port environmental efficiency evaluation model.Firstly, the efficiency of main ports in China is measured by using traditional DEA model, and the results are analyzed. The balance index method is used to realize the complete arrangement of the decision making units for the decision making units which are effective in the results at the same time.This paper has a more intuitive understanding of the present situation of port efficiency in our country. Secondly, aiming at the inefficient port, the input difference value is regressed by stochastic frontier analysis, and the influence of environmental factors and random errors on efficiency is eliminated.Using the adjusted input value to calculate the port efficiency again, analyze the port efficiency from the point of view of management, and point out the direction for the resource allocation and management level of the port enterprise. Finally, the paper establishes the evaluation model of port environmental efficiency.The effects of carbon emissions on port efficiency are analyzed and compared with those without carbon emissions.The results show that: the comprehensive efficiency of ports in China is low, the scale is invalid, the phenomenon of excess input and insufficient output exists, and different external environment has influence on port efficiency, excluding environmental factors and random errors.Compared with the port efficiency before and after adjustment, the comprehensive efficiency value of the port in which the external environment is better is reduced, while the port efficiency value with relatively poor external environment and luck is improved.The undervalued port efficiency can be restored, and the carbon emission has a negative impact on the port efficiency of our country, and the efficiency value is generally reduced.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F552.6;U691

【参考文献】