基于驾驶员心理、生理反应的行车紧张性与高原公路纵坡关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 15:50

本文选题：高原公路 + 纵坡　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国公路交通事业的蓬勃发展,全国公路网覆盖率以及公路里程数也在飞速增长,相关设计人员在不断摸索和研究的过程中对道路线形的认识和了解也日趋完善。受高原特殊自然环境以及其复杂地理条件等因素限制,高原公路线形结构注定与其他地区公路存在较大差异;为适应地形,所设纵坡数量偏多且纵坡坡度和坡长频繁变化。以往的公路设计理念总是基于汽车行驶理论上,从汽车的角度出发却很少以用路者的角度出发,而公路线形设计的好坏会对驾驶车辆的驾驶员产生直接影响,进而影响到汽车行驶的安全性和舒适性。故以驾驶员生理、心理反应为基础,以高原公路纵坡路段为研究对象进行研究,对完善和优化公路线形设计理论、丰富高原公路纵断面线形设计中关键参数选取的依据、减轻甚至消除驾驶员紧张感、增强行车安全减小事故率等方面有着重要意义。本文以海拔3000m以上的高原公路纵坡路段和在该路段上从事驾驶运输活动的驾驶员为研究对象,进行了大量实地行车试验,并测量了皮电、脑电、心率等数项与驾驶有关的驾驶员生、心理指标,经过分析比对最终确定了以心率增长率作为研究高原驾驶员心理和生理反应的指标。通过偏相关分析的方法确定了影响高原公路纵坡路段上驾驶员生理、心理变化的主要因素,分别建立了驾驶员在上下坡时,其心率增长率与纵坡高程、正(负)坡度的关系模型以及纵坡高程、坡度与心率增长率的二元回归模型,并基于该模型预测出了高原公路纵坡路段行车紧张度计算值。对模型和计算值分析发现,驾驶员心率变化随海拔升高而增大,心率增长率约在海拔3600m后呈加速增加趋势;驾驶员心率变化随道路纵坡度增大而增大,上坡时(正)坡度、下坡时(负)坡度增加均会导致心率增长率增加;在海拔和坡度的共同作用下驾驶员心率变化更为明显,海拔越高、坡度越大,心率增长率越大,驾驶员越紧张。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of highway transportation in China, the coverage of national highway network and the number of highway mileage are also increasing rapidly, and the understanding and understanding of road alignment are becoming more and more perfect in the process of continuous exploration and research.Restricted by the special natural environment and complex geographical conditions of the plateau, the highway alignment structure of the plateau is destined to be different from the highway in other regions, and in order to adapt to the topography, the number of longitudinal slopes is on the side and the slope degree and slope length change frequently.In the past, the idea of highway design was always based on the theory of vehicle driving, but rarely from the angle of the road user, and the road alignment design had a direct impact on the driver of the driving vehicle.Furthermore, it affects the safety and comfort of the vehicle.Therefore, based on the physiological and psychological reaction of the driver and taking the longitudinal slope section of the plateau highway as the research object, it can improve and optimize the theory of highway alignment design and enrich the basis for selecting the key parameters in the design of the vertical section of the plateau highway.It is of great significance to reduce or even eliminate the driver's nervousness and enhance the safety of driving to reduce the accident rate and so on.In this paper, taking the longitudinal slope section of plateau highway above 3000m above sea level and the driver engaged in driving and transporting activities on this section as the research object, a large number of field driving tests have been carried out, and the electroencephalogram (EEG) and skin electricity (EEG) have been measured.The heart rate and other factors related to driving of drivers were analyzed and compared. The rate of heart rate was used as the index to study the psychological and physiological reaction of drivers at high altitude.Through the method of partial correlation analysis, the main factors influencing the physiological and psychological changes of drivers on the longitudinal slope of plateau highway are determined, and the heart rate growth rate and the elevation of the longitudinal slope of the drivers are established respectively when they are up and down the slope.The relationship model of positive (negative) slope and the binary regression model of vertical slope elevation, slope and heart rate growth rate are used to predict the driving strain of plateau highway longitudinal slope based on the model.The analysis of the model and the calculated values shows that the change of the driver's heart rate increases with the increase of altitude, and the rate of increase of the heart rate increases with the elevation of 3600m, and the change of the driver's heart rate increases with the increase of the longitudinal slope of the road, and the change of the driver's heart rate increases with the increase of the longitudinal slope of the road.Under the influence of altitude and slope, the change of heart rate is more obvious. The higher the altitude, the bigger the slope, the greater the growth rate of heart rate, the more nervous the driver is.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.254

【相似文献】