重型货车右转弯与二轮车碰撞原因分析与对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 13:41

本文选题：事故再现 + PC-CRASH　；参考：《西华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着道路交通的不断发展,交通事故中重型货车与二轮车碰撞事故近年都呈增长趋势,仅次于车辆与行人碰撞事故。重型货车在货物运输行业、工程建筑行业等方面比客车、轿车等其他车型有着更为重要的地位;然而重型货车的驾驶室车身结构决定了其特殊的视野死角,人的视觉会随车速的增加而减弱,重型货车其驾驶室的位置比轿车高,而且车身也较宽,驾驶人位于汽车的左侧,即使在重型货车驾驶室外安装了多个后视镜,但在行驶过程中驾驶人也不可能观察到驾驶室左右两侧的全方位情况,故存在较大的观察死角,特别在重型货车右转弯时对骑车人的生命财产造成严重的威胁。而且致死率很高。因此研究避免重型货车右转弯与二轮车碰撞有着重大意义。本文结合2012—2016年间国家质检总局缺陷产品管理中心(NAIS)和四川西华司法鉴定所历年采集的30例重型货车右转弯与二轮车碰撞的交通事故进行了统计分析。针对重型货车右转弯与二轮车碰撞这一类事故,本文从统计学角度和交通管理实际,分别阐述了事故主要成因分析,以及研究了避免事故发生的策略研究。分别对现阶段国内外各个高校和机构提出的防碰撞模型进行讨论分析,然后根据国内重型货车的特点以及中国特殊的道路交通环境利用PC-CRASH仿真软对30起真实事故进行再现研究并对骑车人头部损伤进行分析。本文设计了一组正交试验,其中包含10个因素,每个参数取3个水平,正交试验表选L27(313)。针对货车减速度、车速、坐高、第一碰撞点和地面摩擦系数等参数对二轮车第一碰撞点和最终位置距离的影响因素,最终得到危险判定指标中的主要参数:最后利用SPSS统计学软件对仿真数据进行统计分析,得到T=F(M,V,D)线性回归的数学模型,可作为研发事故预警系统的是否启动报警的判定指标。最后,以真实的重型货车右转弯碰二轮车事故案例验证了报警判定指标的可行性。本课题研究的结论可供相关机构对重型货车主动安全方面的研究提供参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous development of road traffic, traffic accidents between heavy goods vehicles and two-wheeled vehicles have been increasing in recent years, second only to vehicle and pedestrian accidents.Heavy trucks play a more important role in the field of cargo transportation, engineering and construction than other types of vehicles such as passenger cars and cars. However, the structure of the cab body of heavy trucks determines their special angle of view.People's vision weakens with the increase of speed. Heavy goods vehicles have a higher cab position than a car, and a wider body. The driver is on the left side of the vehicle, even though several rearview mirrors are installed outside the cab of the heavy goods vehicle.However, it is impossible for the driver to observe the omnidirectional situation on the left and right sides of the cab during the driving process, so there is a large dead angle, especially when the heavy truck turns to the right, it poses a serious threat to the life and property of the cyclists.And the fatality rate is very high.Therefore, it is of great significance to avoid the collision between the right turn of heavy truck and two-wheeled vehicle.This paper makes a statistical analysis of 30 traffic accidents in which heavy trucks collide with two-wheeled trucks from 2012 to 2016 by the defect Product Management Center (NAIS) of the State Administration of quality Supervision and Quarantine (AQSIQ) and the Sichuan Xihua Forensic Authentication Institute (Xihua Forensic Appraisal Institute) over the years.In view of the accident of heavy truck right turn and collision between two wheel vehicle, this paper expounds the main cause of accident from the point of view of statistics and traffic management practice, and studies the strategy of avoiding the accident.The anti-collision models put forward by various universities and institutions at home and abroad are discussed and analyzed respectively.Then according to the characteristics of heavy duty trucks in China and the special road traffic environment in China, the simulation software PC-CRASH is used to reproduce 30 real accidents and the head injuries of cyclists are analyzed.In this paper, a group of orthogonal experiments is designed, which contains 10 factors, with 3 levels for each parameter, and L27313C is selected for orthogonal test table.The factors that affect the distance between the first impact point and the final position of the two-wheeled vehicle, such as the deceleration, the speed, the sitting height, the first impact point and the ground friction coefficient, are discussed.Finally, the main parameters of the risk determination index are obtained. Finally, the simulation data are statistically analyzed by using SPSS software, and the mathematical model of linear regression is obtained, which can be used as the judgement index of whether to start the alarm or not in the research and development of the early warning system of accidents.Finally, the feasibility of the alarm judgment index is verified by the real accident case of heavy truck turning right and two wheel vehicle.The conclusion of this paper can be used as a reference for heavy truck active safety research.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.31

【参考文献】