网络局部失效条件下集装箱多式联运路径调整方法优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 12:25

本文选题：多式联运 + 多式联运经营人　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：集装箱多式联运是现代货物运输形式的革新,也是目前集装箱运输中相对高级的组织形式。它不但在货物运输中的扮演越来越重要的角色,其本身发展也越发多元化。随着全球国际贸易的快速发展,集装箱运输的市场份额业务也在迅速增加,对集装箱多式联运的效率和服务质量的要求也在不断提高。但是多式联运网络复杂,中间环节繁多,通常涉及两种甚至两种以上运输方式和多承运人的参与。由于多式联运链较长,其可靠性相对降低。通常遇到路径中断时,承运人会将这批货物滞留在某处,等待原方案剩余路径恢复后再进行运输工作,这样不可避免的会造成滞期,在面对如应急救援物资等时效性要求较高的货物,不但会延误交货日期,还会让经营人、承运人还有托运人遭受极大的经济损失,这种情况是应极力避免的。本文就是针对路径中断的紧急情况(完全失去路段通行能力而非受阻),从宏观的、多式联运经营人的角度,在运输遭遇前方路径中断的情况下,为了满足运到时限而对运输计划进行调整,选择绕过中断路段的同时,尽可能少的选用计划外港站节点、尽可能多的沿用原计划中转节点。通过对集装箱多式联运定义、组织形式、成本构成及经营人的责任范围,确定了路径调整方案的可行性和建立模型所需元素。并通过对国内外相关内容的研究,确定本文的研究方法和思想。为了达到这个目的,本文提出将基本的多式联运网络拆分成为时间网和空间网两层,通过同时在两层网络上寻找可行路径来求解问题,并用数学语言描述了在前方路径中断时,集装箱多式联运路径调整问题的数学模型,为问题的求解打下基础。通过对网络的拆分,将问题分割成两个子问题:可行路径的搜索和路径是否满足时间要求的判断。为了求解两个子问题,本文提出了一种基于改进Dijkstra算法和动态规划的混合启发式算法,并通过算例进行模型和算法的验证,并在模拟不同的网络受损情况:部分路段受损、节点失效、前方城市失效下使用模型算法求解调整方案。实验结果表明,本文建立数学模型鲁棒性较好,求解算法可行,能够在不同的网络受损情况下对集装箱多式联运运输路径进行调整。
[Abstract]:Container multimodal transport is not only the innovation of modern freight transportation, but also the relatively advanced organization in container transportation. It not only plays a more and more important role in freight transportation, but also becomes more and more diversified. With the rapid development of global international trade, the market share of container transportation is increasing rapidly, and the requirements of efficiency and service quality of container multimodal transport are also increasing. But the multimodal transport network is complicated and the intermediate links are various, usually involving two or more modes of transport and the participation of multiple carriers. Because multimodal transport chain is longer, its reliability is relatively low. Usually, when the route is interrupted, the carrier will hold the cargo somewhere and wait for the remaining route to resume before carrying out the transportation work, which will inevitably result in a delay. In the face of more timely goods such as emergency relief supplies, not only the delivery date will be delayed, but also the operator, the carrier and the shipper will suffer great economic losses, which should be avoided. This paper is aimed at the emergency of route interruption (complete loss of road capacity rather than obstruction), from the macro, multimodal transport operator's point of view, in the case of transportation encountered by the forward path disruption, In order to meet the delivery time limit, the transportation plan is adjusted, while bypassing the interrupted section, the unplanned port node is chosen as few as possible, and as many transfer nodes as possible are used in the original plan. Through the definition of container multimodal transport, organizational form, cost structure and the scope of responsibility of the operator, the feasibility of the route adjustment scheme and the elements needed to establish the model are determined. And through the domestic and foreign related content research, determines this article research method and the thought. In order to achieve this goal, this paper proposes to divide the basic multimodal transport network into two layers, time network and space network, and to solve the problem by finding feasible paths on the two layers at the same time, and using mathematical language to describe when the forward path is interrupted. The mathematical model of container multimodal transport path adjustment problem lays the foundation for solving the problem. By splitting the network, the problem is divided into two sub-problems: the search of feasible path and the judgment of whether the path meets the requirement of time. In order to solve two sub-problems, this paper proposes a hybrid heuristic algorithm based on improved Dijkstra algorithm and dynamic programming, and verifies the model and algorithm through an example. Node failure, forward city failure using model algorithm to solve the adjustment scheme. The experimental results show that the mathematical model established in this paper is robust and the algorithm is feasible and can adjust the path of container multimodal transport under different network damage conditions.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U169

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